Mapping vent to distal-apron hot spring paleo-flow pathways using siliceous sinter architecture

Lynne, Bridget Y.

doi:10.1016/j.geothermics.2012.01.004

Cited by 65 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…In other words, the FWHM value is a mineralogical maturation index where a narrowing of the diffraction band decreases the FWHM value and represents increased lattice ordering. XRPD diffraction bands for opal-A are centred at 22.2°2θ, for opal-CT and opal-C at 21.75°2θ, and for quartz at 20.9°2θ (Jones and Segnit, 1971;Flörke et al, 1991;Graetsch, 1994;Smith, 1998;Lynne andCampbell, 2003, 2004;Lynne et al, 2005;Jones and Renaut, 2007). Interpretation of the XRPD traces followed the methodology outlined by Herdianita et al (2000b).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sinters preserve micro-environmental and hydrological conditions that prevailed at the time of their formation (Lynne, 2012). Extremophiles that thrive in the hot spring water become silicified forming microfossils (Cady and Farmer, 1996;Jones et al, 2001;Smith et al, 2003;Handley et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, despite the changes that take place during sinter diagenesis, there are many publications showing that microfossils are preserved during diagenesis and over time (Trewin, 1994;Rice et al, 1995;Walter et al, 1996;Guido et al, 2010;Guido and Campbell, 2011;Lynne, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of three common post-depositional environmental settings on siliceous sinter diagenesis: An eight year experiment

Lynne

2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of three common post-depositional environmental settings on siliceous sinter diagenesis: An eight year experiment

Lynne

2015

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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“…Whether they preserve geyserite is also largely unknown, and the possibility of discovering Precambrian sinters was not explored. With facies models now well-established for modern and scattered Phanerozoic sinters (e.g., Cady and Farmer, 1996;Jones et al, 1998;Guidry and Chafetz, 2003;Guido and Campbell, 2011;Lynne, 2012), more deposits have the potential to be recognized, and their economic, evolutionary and paleoenvironmental utility more fully realized.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscriptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nodular geyserite forms today in areas close to but not within boiling vent pools (e.g.,Fig. 1D, 1E; Currie, 2005;Lynne, 2012), and thus represents a micro-niche within spring-vent areas of somewhat cooler overall temperatures in which microbes may flourish. The putative microbial inclusions in the Claudia nodular geyserite are extremely rare compared to the prokaryotic microfossils commonly found in the same paleo-geothermal field, the latter occuring in deposits inferred as moderate and low-temperature sinter aprons(Guido and Campbell, 2011, 2014).…”

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confidence: 97%

Geyserite in hot-spring siliceous sinter: Window on Earth's hottest terrestrial (paleo)environment and its extreme life

Campbell

Guido

Gautret

et al. 2015

Earth-Science Reviews

110

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Siliceous hot-spring deposits, or sinters, typically form in active, terrestrial (on land), volcanic terrains where magmatically heated waters circulating through the shallow crust emerge at the Earth's surface as silica-charged geothermal fluids. Geyserites are sinters affiliated with the highest temperature (~75-100 °C), natural geothermal fluid emissions, comprising localized, lithologically distinctive, hydrothermal silica precipitates that develop around geysers, spouters and spring-vents. They demarcate the position of hot-fluid upflow zones useful for geothermal energy and epithermal mineral prospecting. Near-vent areas also are -extreme environment‖ settings for the growth of microbial biofilms at near-boiling temperatures. Microbial biosignatures (e.g., characteristic silicified microbial textures, carbon isotopes, lipid biomarkers) may be extracted from modern geyserite. However, because of strong taphonomic filtering and subsequent diagenesis, fossils in geyserite are very rare in the pre-Quaternary sinter record which, in and of itself, is patchy in time and space back to about 400 Ma. Only a few old examples are known, such as geyserite reported from the Devonian Drummond Basin (Australia), Devonian Rhynie cherts (Scotland), and a new example described herein from the spectacularly well-preserved, Late Jurassic (150 Ma), Yellowstonestyle geothermal landscapes of Patagonia, Argentina. There, geyserite is associated with fossil vent-mounds and silicified hydrothermal breccias of the Claudia sinter, which is geologically related to the world-class Cerro Vanguardia gold/silver deposit of the Deseado Massif, a part of the Chon Aike siliceous large igneous province. Tubular, filament-like micro-inclusions from Claudia were studied using integrated petrographic and laser microRaman analysis, the results of which suggest a biological origin. The putative fossils are enclosed within nodular geyserite, a texture typical of subaerial near-vent conditions. Overall, this worldwide review of geyserite confirms its significance as a mineralizing geological A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT 3 archive reflecting the nature of Earth's highest temperature, habitable terrestrial sedimentary environment. Hot-spring depositional settings also may serve as analogs for early Earth paleoenvironments because of their elevated temperature of formation, rapid mineralization by silica, and morphologically comparable carbonaceous material sourced from prokaryotes adapted to life at high temperatures.

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Epithermal paleosurfaces

Sillitoe¹

2015

Miner Deposita

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Mapping vent to distal-apron hot spring paleo-flow pathways using siliceous sinter architecture

Cited by 65 publications

References 63 publications

Impact of three common post-depositional environmental settings on siliceous sinter diagenesis: An eight year experiment

Impact of three common post-depositional environmental settings on siliceous sinter diagenesis: An eight year experiment

Geyserite in hot-spring siliceous sinter: Window on Earth's hottest terrestrial (paleo)environment and its extreme life

Epithermal paleosurfaces

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