Marchenko imaging: Imaging with primaries, internal multiples, and free-surface multiples

Singh, Satyan; Snieder, Roel; Behura, Jyoti; Neut, Joost van der; Wapenaar, Kees; Slob, Evert

doi:10.1190/geo2014-0494.1

Cited by 91 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…This is similar to standard pre-stack redatuming (Berkhout, 1982;Berryhill, 1984), except that here all multiple reflections (including surface-related multiples (Singh et al, 2015)) are properly handled. (Figure 1(b)), and discussed a way to eliminate the integral along the lower boundary ∂ D C .…”

Section: Single-sided Representationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

From closed-boundary to single-sided homogeneous Green's function representations

Wapenaar

Thorbecke

Neut

et al. 2016

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2016

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SUMMARYThe homogeneous Green's function (i.e., the Green's function and its time-reversed counterpart) plays an important role in optical, acoustic and seismic holography, in inverse scattering methods, in the field of time-reversal acoustics, in reversetime migration and in seismic interferometry. Starting with the classical closed-boundary representation of the homogeneous Green's function, we modify the configuration to two parallel boundaries. We discuss step-by-step a process that eliminates the integral along the lower boundary. This leads to a single-sided representation of the homogeneous Green's function. Apart from imaging, we foresee interesting applications in inverse scattering, time-reversal acoustics, seismic interferometry, passive source imaging, etc.

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Section: Single-sided Representationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

From closed-boundary to single-sided homogeneous Green's function representations

Wapenaar

Thorbecke

Neut

et al. 2016

SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2016

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“…In practice, this means that free-surface multiples should first be removed from the recorded data. However, the formulation can be extended to include free-surface multiples, as shown by Singh et al (2015).…”

Section: Conventional Representationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive overburden elimination with the multidimensional Marchenko equation

2016

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Iterative substitution of the multidimensional Marchenko equation has been introduced recently to integrate internal multiple reflections in the seismic imaging process. In so-called Marchenko imaging, a macro velocity model of the subsurface is required to meet this objective. The model is used to back-propagate the data during the first iteration and to truncate integrals in time during all successive iterations. In case of an erroneous model, the image will be blurred (akin to conventional imaging) and artifacts may arise from inaccurate integral truncations. However, the scheme is still successful in removing artifacts from internal multiple reflections. Inspired by these observations, we rewrote the Marchenko equation, such that it can be applied early in a processing flow, without the need of a macro velocity model. Instead, we have required an estimate of the two-way traveltime surface of a selected horizon in the subsurface. We have introduced an approximation, such that adaptive subtraction can be applied. As a solution, we obtained a new data set, in which all interactions (primaries and multiples) with the part of the medium above the picked horizon had been eliminated. Unlike various other internal multiple elimination algorithms, the method can be applied at any specified target horizon, without having to resolve for internal multiples from shallower horizons. We successfully applied the method on synthetic data, where limitations were reported due to thin layers, diffraction-like discontinuities, and a finite acquisition aperture. A field data test was also performed, in which the kinematics of the predicted updates were demonstrated to match with internal multiples in the recorded data, but it appeared difficult to subtract them.

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“…Alternatively, we can estimate the required Green's functions directly from the reflection data that are acquired at the earth's surface by solving a multidimensional Marchenko equation (Broggini et al, 2012;Slob et al, 2014;Wapenaar et al, 2014;da Costa Filho et al, 2015;Singh et al, 2015). Internal multiples are effectively accounted for by this methodology even though it only requires a smooth subsurface model (Behura et al, 2014;Broggini et al, 2014;Mildner et al, 2017).…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Target-enclosed seismic imaging

et al. 2017

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Seismic reflection data can be redatumed to a specified boundary in the subsurface by solving an inverse (or multidimensional deconvolution) problem. The redatumed data can be interpreted as an extended image of the subsurface at the redatuming boundary, depending on the subsurface offset and time. We retrieve target-enclosed extended images by using two redatuming boundaries, which are selected above and below a specified target volume. As input, we require the upgoing and downgoing wavefields at both redatuming boundaries due to impulsive sources at the earth’s surface. These wavefields can be obtained from actual measurements in the subsurface, they can be numerically modeled, or they can be retrieved by solving a multidimensional Marchenko equation. As output, we retrieved virtual reflection and transmission responses as if sources and receivers were located at the two target-enclosing boundaries. These data contain all orders of reflections inside the target volume but exclude all interactions with the part of the medium outside this volume. The retrieved reflection responses can be used to image the target volume from above or from below. We found that the images from above and below are similar (given that the Marchenko equation is used for wavefield retrieval). If a model with sharp boundaries in the target volume is available, the redatumed data can also be used for two-sided imaging, where the retrieved reflection and transmission responses are exploited. Because multiple reflections are used by this strategy, seismic resolution can be improved significantly. Because target-enclosed extended images are independent on the part of the medium outside the target volume, our methodology is also beneficial to reduce the computational burden of localized inversion, which can now be applied inside the target volume only, without suffering from interactions with other parts of the medium.

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Marchenko imaging: Imaging with primaries, internal multiples, and free-surface multiples

Cited by 91 publications

References 24 publications

From closed-boundary to single-sided homogeneous Green's function representations

From closed-boundary to single-sided homogeneous Green's function representations

Adaptive overburden elimination with the multidimensional Marchenko equation

Target-enclosed seismic imaging

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