Marine protected areas in the 21st century: Current situation and trends

Maestro, María; Cayeiro, María Luisa Pérez; Ruiz, Juan Adolfo Chica; Reyes, Harry

doi:10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2019.01.008

Cited by 99 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The study of steroid hormones could become increasingly relevant for the science-based management and conservation of marine wildlife such as chondrichthyans. In recent decades, there has been an increase in the protection of sharks and rays worldwide, as well as of the habitats where they feed or reproduce (Maestro et al, 2019). The holistic science-based approach to the creation of marine protected areas should include the study of the reproductive biology of the species present in these ecosystems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid hormones and chondrichthyan reproduction: physiological functions, scientific research, and implications for conservation

Becerril‐García

Arellano-Martínez

Bernot-Simon

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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The study of the reproductive aspects of chondrichthyans through the analysis of steroid hormones has been carried out for more than five decades in several species around the world. This scientific knowledge constitutes the basis of the reproductive endocrinology of chondrichthyans, which has provided information regarding their sexual maturation, gametogenesis, mating seasons, gestation periods, and parturition. The present review summarises the existing literature on steroid hormones in chondrichthyan reproduction and identifies future research directions addressing critical knowledge gaps in the reproductive physiology of this taxon. A total of 59 peer reviewed scientific papers from 1963 to 2020 were reviewed and the following parameters analysed: species, steroid hormones, biological matrix, field sampling (year, location), and methodology (assays, sample size, precision, and recoveries). We provided a summary of the methods, biological matrices, and the functions of up to 19 hormones on the biology of 34 species of chondrichthyans that have been analysed to date. The majority of the studies used radioimmunoassay as the main methodology (76.3%; n = 45/49); while the most frequent biological matrix used was plasma (69.5%; n = 41/49). A Kernel’s heat map was generated to present the scientific effort according to geographic location and evidenced a lack of research in high biodiversity areas for chondrichthyans worldwide. The implications of the study of steroid hormones for the conservation of chondrichthyans are discussed, as only 2.9% of the species of this group have been analysed and most of the scientific effort (93.2%; n = 55/59 papers) has focused on the analysis of less than six hormones.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steroid hormones and chondrichthyan reproduction: physiological functions, scientific research, and implications for conservation

Becerril‐García

Arellano-Martínez

Bernot-Simon

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) in Latin American countries such as Cuba [10], Mexico [11], Peru [12], Uruguay [13], Argentina [14], Brazil [15], Chile [16], Ecuador [17] and Colombia [18] has shown progress in recent decades [19]. Successful examples of integrated management, which have contributed to the development of coastal zones, have been demonstrated at a global level [20][21][22]. ICZM seeks sustainability by enhancing meaningful citizen participation and integrating different activities in a rational and coordinated approach [23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tourism in Continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Perspective

Mestanza-Ramón

Ruiz

Anfuso

et al. 2020

Water

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Tourism in coastal areas is becoming increasingly important in Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) as an integrated approach that balances the requirements of different tourist sectors. This paper analyzes ICZM in continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands from the perspective of the 3S tourism, and presents its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT). The methodology used was based on a literature review of ten aspects of the highest relevance to ICZM, i.e., Policies, Regulations, Responsibilities, Institutions, Strategies and Instruments, Training, Economic Resources, Information, Education for Sustainability, and Citizen Participation. The results highlight four aspects as strengths (Policies, Responsibilities, Institutions and Citizen Participation), while the most notable weaknesses were Regulations and Education for sustainability. Strategies and Instruments, as well as Information, were identified as opportunities to stand out. The main threats were Economic Resources and Training. Ecuador does not have clearly established public policies that would allow for the integrated management of 3S tourism and be considered as productive, valuable alternatives. It is necessary to consolidate and promote 3S tourism as a State policy and as a means to improve the economies in coastal areas. Finally, Ecuador needs to overcome negative changes in the macroeconomic environment and reverse its current deteriorated image.

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“…On the other hand, the countries may wish to preserve their fishing advantages and their attractiveness for foreign fishing, under bilateral fisheries agreements or concessions of free licenses, which can represent up to 15% of the national budget of some countries such as Guinea Bissau (Failler 2015). In this context, the establishment of large offshore MPAs would conflict with the commercial activities that underpin the development of nations in economic take-off (Maestro et al 2019;Marinesque et al 2012).…”

Section: Large Offshore Mpas To Meet Aichi Target 11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the official achievement of Aichi Target 11 for West African countries: A twofold challenge of accuracy and catching-up

Failler

Touron-Gardic

Traoré³

et al. 2020

Science of The Total Environment

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Since Aichi Target 11 imposes 10% of national protected marine surface by 2020, the least developed countries have particularly shortcomings towards this goal, this article evaluates the progress of seven West African countries. We compared the area reportedly protected sites from two different sources, the world database on protected areas (WDPA)-which is the official tool to monitor the Aichi 11 Achievements-and the West African Marine Protected Area Network, which conducted a comprehensive survey in collaboration with the national institutions in charge of MPAs. Overall, the countries included in this study are unlikely to achieve the Aichi target. Comparing WDPA protected area figures against database created directly from national data showed large discrepancies. According to national data, Mauritania (3.71%) and Guinea-Bissau (2.15%) had the highest protected areas. Senegal had 1.61% of his EEZ under protection, while other countries had less than 1%. The difference between WDPA and national data was high with Guinea-Bissau already at 10% of EEZ protected areas status according to the WDPA. WDPA overestimated 5935 km 2 of MPAs, corresponding to 41% of the actual total area. Possible explanations for the differences include: countries not transmitting information or doing so incorrectly; methodological transformations of data are inducing errors; and multiple MPA statutes leading to double

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Marine protected areas in the 21st century: Current situation and trends

Cited by 99 publications

References 19 publications

Steroid hormones and chondrichthyan reproduction: physiological functions, scientific research, and implications for conservation

Steroid hormones and chondrichthyan reproduction: physiological functions, scientific research, and implications for conservation

Tourism in Continental Ecuador and the Galapagos Islands: An Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) Perspective

Evaluating the official achievement of Aichi Target 11 for West African countries: A twofold challenge of accuracy and catching-up

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