Masculinity, Perceived Vulnerability to COVID-19, and Adoption of Protective Behaviors

Roccato, Michele; Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina; Orlando, Giovanni; Russo, Silvia

doi:10.1007/s12119-022-09991-5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Other studies that examine COVID-19 outcomes through the lens of adherence to traditional masculine/feminine norms similarly report strict adherence to associate with less prevention behavior. [89][90][91] Future research should explore adherence to social structures of gender further, rather than just identification with binary categories of male/female or man/ woman, in relation to vaccine hesitancy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review on Gender/Sex Differences in COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions and Uptake in the United States

Sileo,

Hirani,

Luttinen

et al. 2023

Am J Health Promot

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Objective To explore the empirical literature on gender/sex differences in vaccine acceptance among U.S.-based adults and adolescents in approximately the first 2 years of the pandemic. Data source Embase, Medline, PsycINFO, EBSCO, CINAHL, Web of Science Study inclusion and exclusion criteria Peer-reviewed studies conducted in the U.S. with those aged 12 and older, published in English before January 12, 2022, examining the relationship between gender/sex on COVID-19 vaccine intentions and/or uptake. Data extraction Three authors screened studies and extracted data. Data Synthesis Univariate and multivariate results are summarized. Results A total of 53 studies met inclusion criteria (48 intentions, 7 uptake), using mostly cross-sectional designs (92.5%) and non-random sampling (83.0%). The majority of studies supported men’s greater intentions to vaccinate compared to women, and men’s greater vaccine uptake in univariate analyses, but most multivariate analyses supported no gender differences in uptake. Few studies examined gender beyond binary categories (women/men), highlighting a gap in the studies inclusive of transgender or gender-diverse populations in analyses. Conclusion Women may have been more hesitant to get the vaccine than men early in the pandemic, but these differences may not translate to actual behavior. Future research should include non-binary/transgender populations, explore the gender-specific reasons for hesitancy and differences by sub-populations, utilize more rigorous designs, and test gender-sensitive public health campaigns to mitigate vaccine concerns.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review on Gender/Sex Differences in COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions and Uptake in the United States

Sileo,

Hirani,

Luttinen

et al. 2023

Am J Health Promot

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Perceived severity of COVID-19 has been measured using various statements referring to the consequences of contracting COVID-19, whether it is life-threatening, and how much of a problem COVID-19 is personally or for your community. As our study was a national study, wording focused on perceptions of COVID-19 as a problem in the United States [68][69][70]. Participants were therefore asked to rate their perception of the severity of COVID-19 on the national level.…”

Section: Perceived Severity Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceived Effectiveness of COVID-19 Preventive Practices and Behavioral Intention: Survey of a Representative Adult Sample in the United States

Bagasra¹,

Allen²,

Doan³

2023

JMIR Hum Factors

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Background Using existing models of behavioral health promotion, specifically the Extended Parallel Process Model, previous research has identified factors that may impact engagement in preventive health behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic such as perceived threat, perceived susceptibility to the threat, perceived severity, and perceived efficacy. Objective This study aims to examine the role of perceived effectiveness of COVID-19 preventive behaviors, perceived susceptibility, perceived threat, and perceived severity of COVID-19 in participants’ intentions to engage in Centers for Disease Control (CDC)–recommended individual health behaviors in the first year of the pandemic. Methods In October 2020, a representative sample of 506 US adults completed a web-based survey through the RAND American Life Panel. Results The study primarily found that participants who perceived that CDC-recommended health practices were effective had stronger intentions to engage in those practices. The second strongest correlate was participants’ perceived severity of COVID-19 across the United States. Perceived effectiveness of recommended practices accounted for the largest variance in behavioral intention. However, analysis of individual behaviors indicated a mismatch in the behaviors perceived to be the most effective (avoiding sick people and mask-wearing) and those participants indicated intention to engage in (throwing away used tissues, avoiding sick people, and coughing into their elbows) in the next 30 days. Conclusions The authors recommend tailoring public health messaging to address the perceived threat of COVID-19 and self-efficacy. Thus, health promotion efforts should emphasize the effectiveness of CDC-recommended practices while highlighting the pandemic’s severity. Additionally, rebuilding trust in public health messaging and messengers is necessary to increase perceived self-efficacy. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, health messaging must continue to promote and build trust in CDC-recommended health practices and educate regarding the efficacy of vaccination and other preventive behaviors.

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Perceived Effectiveness of COVID-19 Preventive Practices and Behavioral Intention: Survey of a Representative Adult Sample in the United States (Preprint)

Bagasra¹,

Allen²,

Doan³

2022

Preprint

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UNSTRUCTURED Using the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) as a theoretical framework, the present study examines the role of perceived efficacy, perceived susceptibility, perceived threat, and perceived severity of COVID-19 on intention to engage in Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommended individual health behaviors in the first year of the pandemic. Participants consisted of a representative sample of 506 U.S. adults who completed an online survey in October 2020. The study’s primary finding is that perceptions about the effectiveness of Centers for Disease Control (CDC) recommended health practices were the strongest correlate of intention to engage in those same practices. The second strongest correlate was perceived severity of COVID-19 across the nation. Despite perceived efficacy accounting for the largest variance in behavioral intention, analysis of individual behaviors indicated a mismatch in the behaviors perceived to be the most effective and those participants indicated intention to engage in. These findings have significant implications for the design and dissemination of public health messaging. The authors make recommendations for the tailoring of public health messaging to address perceived threat of COVID-19 and self-efficacy. Health promotion efforts should thus emphasize the effectiveness of CDC recommended practices while also highlighting the pandemic’s severity. Additionally, trust in public health messaging and messengers is necessary to increase perceived efficacy. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues into its third year, promoting adherence to CDC recommended health practices, and educating regarding the efficacy of vaccination and other preventative behaviors remains critical.

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Masculinity, Perceived Vulnerability to COVID-19, and Adoption of Protective Behaviors

Cited by 3 publications

References 47 publications

A Scoping Review on Gender/Sex Differences in COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions and Uptake in the United States

A Scoping Review on Gender/Sex Differences in COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions and Uptake in the United States

Perceived Effectiveness of COVID-19 Preventive Practices and Behavioral Intention: Survey of a Representative Adult Sample in the United States

Perceived Effectiveness of COVID-19 Preventive Practices and Behavioral Intention: Survey of a Representative Adult Sample in the United States (Preprint)

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