Mass Flow and Energy Efficiency of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Shi, Cao

doi:10.2166/9781843393825

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Site 2 did not include any primary treatment but the electricity consumption by the PST on Site 1 was relatively low at 0.024 kWh/m 3 . These values are higher than the specific power consumption reported by Shi [18] which estimated preliminary treatment consumption at < 0.01 kWh/m 3 and primary treatment consumption at 0.01 kWh/m 3 . Nevertheless, the electricity consumption by primary treatment is less than 4% of the total value and therefore not significant when looking at site optimization.…”

Section: Electricity Consumptioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Energy benchmarking in wastewater treatment plants: the importance of site operation and layout

Belloir

Stanford

Soares

2014

Environmental Technology

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Energy benchmarking is a powerful tool in the optimization of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in helping to reduce costs and greenhouse gas emissions. Traditionally, energy benchmarking methods focused solely on reporting electricity consumption, however, recent developments in this area have led to the inclusion of other types of energy, including electrical, manual, chemical and mechanical consumptions that can be expressed in kWh/m3. In this study, two full-scale WWTPs were benchmarked, both incorporated preliminary, secondary (oxidation ditch) and tertiary treatment processes, Site 1 also had an additional primary treatment step. The results indicated that Site 1 required 2.32 kWh/m3 against 0.98 kWh/m3 for Site 2. Aeration presented the highest energy consumption for both sites with 2.08 kWh/m3 required for Site 1 and 0.91 kWh/m3 in Site 2. The mechanical energy represented the second biggest consumption for Site 1 (9%, 0.212 kWh/m3) and chemical input was significant in Site 2 (4.1%, 0.026 kWh/m3). The analysis of the results indicated that Site 2 could be optimized by constructing a primary settling tank that would reduce the biochemical oxygen demand, total suspended solids and NH4 loads to the oxidation ditch by 55%, 75% and 12%, respectively, and at the same time reduce the aeration requirements by 49%. This study demonstrated that the effectiveness of the energy benchmarking exercise in identifying the highest energy-consuming assets, nevertheless it points out the need to develop a holistic overview of the WWTP and the need to include parameters such as effluent quality, site operation and plant layout to allow adequate benchmarking.

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Section: Electricity Consumptioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Energy benchmarking in wastewater treatment plants: the importance of site operation and layout

Belloir

Stanford

Soares

2014

Environmental Technology

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“…40%), sludge treatment (approx. 30%), and others (30%) (Shi 2011 ). On the other hand, electric energy generated in MFC during the treatment of typical municipal wastewater (e.g., COD 200 mg L −1 ) is estimated to be equivalent to 20% of the energy needed for WWT in municipal plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Comparative evaluation of wastewater-treatment microbial fuel cells in terms of organics removal, waste-sludge production, and electricity generation

Asai

Miyahara

Kouzuma

et al. 2017

Bioresour. Bioprocess.

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Microbial fuel cells (MFCs) are devices that exploit living microbes for electricity generation coupled to organics degradation. MFCs are expected to be applied to energy-saving wastewater treatment (WWT) as alternatives to activated-sludge reactors (ASRs). Although extensive laboratory studies have been performed to develop technologies for WWT-MFCs, limited information is available for comparative evaluation of MFCs and ASRs in terms of organics removal and waste-sludge production. In the present study, laboratory WWT experiments were performed using cassette-electrode MFCs and ASRs that were continuously supplied either with artificial domestic wastewater (ADW) containing starch and peptone or with artificial industrial wastewater (AIW) containing methanol as the major organic matter. We found that these two types of WWT reactors achieved similar organics-removal efficiencies, namely, over 93% based on chemical oxygen demands for the ADW treatment and over 97% for the AIW treatment. Sludge was routinely removed from these reactors and quantified, showing that amounts of waste sludge produced in MFCs were approximately one-third or less compared to those in ASRs. During WWT, MFCs continuously generated electricity with Coulombic efficiencies of 20% or more. In reference to ASRs, MFCs are demonstrated to be attractive WWT facilities in terms of stable organics removal and low waste-sludge production. Along with the unnecessity of electric power for aeration and the generation of power during WWT, the results obtained in the present study suggest that MFCs enable substantial energy saving during WWT.

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“…It is reported that FOG not only increases biogas production but also stabilizes digester operation. 33 , 34 …”

Section: Resource-efficient Wastewater Treatment Schemesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transitioning Wastewater Treatment Plants toward Circular Economy and Energy Sustainability

2021

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Aging infrastructure, increasing environmental regulations, and receiving water environment issues stem the need for advanced wastewater treatment processes across the world. Advanced wastewater treatment systems treat wastewater beyond organic carbon removal and aim to remove nutrients and recover valuable products. While the removal of major nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus) is essential for environmental protection, this can only be achieved through energy-, chemical-, and cost-intensive processes in the industry today, which is an unsustainable trend, considering the global population growth and rapid urbanization. Two major routes for developing more sustainable and circular-economy-based wastewater treatment systems would be to (a) innovate and integrate energy- and resource-efficient anaerobic wastewater treatment systems and (b) enhance carbon capture to be diverted to energy recovery schemes. This Mini-Review provides a critical evaluation and perspective of two potential process routes that enable this transition. These process routes include a bioelectrochemical energy recovery scheme and codigestion of organic sludge for biogas generation in anaerobic digesters. From the analysis, it is imperative that integrating both concepts may even result in more energy- and resource-efficient wastewater treatment systems.

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Mass Flow and Energy Efficiency of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Energy benchmarking in wastewater treatment plants: the importance of site operation and layout

Energy benchmarking in wastewater treatment plants: the importance of site operation and layout

Comparative evaluation of wastewater-treatment microbial fuel cells in terms of organics removal, waste-sludge production, and electricity generation

Transitioning Wastewater Treatment Plants toward Circular Economy and Energy Sustainability

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