2018
DOI: 10.1007/s00414-018-1882-9
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Mass poisoning with NPS: 2C-E and Bromo-DragonFly

Abstract: The investigation and the presentation of this case illustrates not only mass intoxication with 2C-E and BDF, with corresponding blood and urine concentrations, but also the necessity of collecting urine samples in cases where NPS-consumption is suspected, in order to improve the chances of analytical detection.

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Cited by 18 publications
(17 citation statements)
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“…Most of the frequently reported adverse effects of phenethylamine psychedelics are shared by psychedelics of other chemical classes, including agitation, hallucinations, drowsiness, confusion, mydriasis, aggression, hyperthermia, hypertension, and tachycardia (Dean et al 2013;Forrester 2013Forrester , 2014Hermanns-Clausen et al 2017;Hill et al 2013;Iwersen-Bergmann et al 2019;Rose et al 2013;Srisuma et al 2015;Stellpflug et al 2014;Stoller et al 2017;Tang et al 2014;Topeff et al 2011;Wood et al 2015). Moreover, severe adverse effects have been linked to the use of psychedelic phenethylamines, including acute psychosis, seizures, coma, cerebral edema, longlasting severe neurological impairment, serotonin syndrome, prolonged respiratory failure, renal failure, multiorgan failure, metabolic acidosis, and rhabdomyolysis (Bosak et al 2013;Grautoff and Kähler 2014;Halberstadt 2017;Huang and Bai 2011;Miyajima et al 2008;Srisuma et al 2015;Tang et al 2014;Wood et al 2009).…”
Section: Adverse Effects Of Phenethylaminesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…Most of the frequently reported adverse effects of phenethylamine psychedelics are shared by psychedelics of other chemical classes, including agitation, hallucinations, drowsiness, confusion, mydriasis, aggression, hyperthermia, hypertension, and tachycardia (Dean et al 2013;Forrester 2013Forrester , 2014Hermanns-Clausen et al 2017;Hill et al 2013;Iwersen-Bergmann et al 2019;Rose et al 2013;Srisuma et al 2015;Stellpflug et al 2014;Stoller et al 2017;Tang et al 2014;Topeff et al 2011;Wood et al 2015). Moreover, severe adverse effects have been linked to the use of psychedelic phenethylamines, including acute psychosis, seizures, coma, cerebral edema, longlasting severe neurological impairment, serotonin syndrome, prolonged respiratory failure, renal failure, multiorgan failure, metabolic acidosis, and rhabdomyolysis (Bosak et al 2013;Grautoff and Kähler 2014;Halberstadt 2017;Huang and Bai 2011;Miyajima et al 2008;Srisuma et al 2015;Tang et al 2014;Wood et al 2009).…”
Section: Adverse Effects Of Phenethylaminesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Furthermore,[1]benzofuran-8-yl)propan-2amine (Bromo-dragonFLY) has been associated with potent vasoconstriction, ischemia, and tissue necrosis in patients, which may be caused by the activation of serotonergic and adrenergic receptors combined with metabolic stability and long-lasting effects (Hill and Thomas 2011;Noble et al 2018;Thorlacius et al 2008;Wood et al 2009). A remarkable case of mass intoxication with 4-ethyl-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine (2C-E) and Bromo-dragonFLY among 29 attendees of an esoteric weekend seminar was reported (Iwersen-Bergmann et al 2019). Upon the arrival of paramedics, some of the seminar attendees were rolling on the ground and screaming, and others were unconscious or unresponsive.…”
Section: Adverse Effects Of Phenethylaminesmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…As noted in Section 1, DOB-DFLY is a potent hallucinogen, active in sub-milligram dosages and only marginally less potent than the prototypical agent LSD. The recreational use of DOB-DFLY has resulted in toxicity and fatalities (Personne and Hultén 2008; Thorlacius et al 2008; Andreasen et al 2009; Wood et al 2009; Nielsen et al 2010; Corazza et al 2011; Chavarin et al 2013; Iwersen-Bergmann et al 2018). As shown by the HTR data, DOB-DFLY is also highly potent in mice, which is not surprising given that it contains two structural features (a benzodifuran ring system and an α-methyl group) capable of enhancing the potency of phenylalkylamine hallucinogens.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…DOB-DFLY was also identified in drug exhibits seized in Oregon in 2007 and Australia in 2008 (Anonymous 2007,2008). Recreational use of DOB-DFLY has been linked to multiple fatalities as well as severe adverse reactions including seizures and limb ischemia (Personne and Hultén 2008; Thorlacius et al 2008; Andreasen et al 2009; Wood et al 2009; Nielsen et al 2010; Corazza et al 2011; Chavarin et al 2013; Iwersen-Bergmann et al 2018).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%