Mass‐transfer enhancement in single drop extraction in the presence of magnetic nanoparticles and magnetic field

Abstract

Magnetite nanoparticles with an average particle size of 28.8 nm were synthesized, coated with oleic acid, and characterized using various techniques such as DLS, FT‐IR, SEM, XRD, VSM, and UV‐Vis analysis. A nanofluid consisting of synthesized nanoparticles and 5 wt % acetic acid in toluene as the dispersed phase was prepared and used in the chemical test system, Toluene‐Acetic Acid‐Water, for the single drop extraction in the presence and absence of an external oscillating magnetic field. Influences of various operating and design parameters such as nanoparticle concentration, drop diameter, and the applied current and frequency on the overall mass‐transfer coefficients for the mass‐transfer direction from d→c were investigated carefully. The obtained results were used to propose a general correlation for the mass‐transfer enhancement. It was found that the maximum mass‐transfer enhancement compared with that obtained in the absence of nanoparticles and the oscillating magnetic field is about 259%. © 2016 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 62: 4466–4479, 2016

A critical review on the use of nanoparticles in liquid–liquid extraction

“…They reported that increasing the magnetic nanoparticle concentration initially increased the mass transfer rate due to micro-convection, but the mass transfer rate began to decrease above a certain concentration due to the undesired agglomeration and aggregation of the magnetic nanoparticles. Increasing the magnetic field strength increased the mass transfer, whereas increasing the magnetic field frequency initially increased the mass transfer rate the improved momentum transfer caused by the Brownian motion, but then decreased due to the prevention of the nanoparticle movement inside the dispersed droplets at higher frequencies [57].…”

“…Therefore, the addition of particular surfactants such as oleic acid is needed to stabilize nanoparticle suspension [57]. However, it should be noted that the addition of surfactants and stabilizing agents may influence the nanofluid mass transfer performance, and should be avoided when possible [58].…”

“…They attributed this enhancement to the induced micro-convection of the nanoparticles inside the droplets [166]. Vahedi et al [57] investigated the mass transfer improvement in a single drop extractor containing magnetic nanoparticles under different magnetic field intensities and frequencies. They reported that increasing the magnetic nanoparticle concentration initially increased the mass transfer rate due to micro-convection, but the mass transfer rate began to decrease above a certain concentration due to the undesired agglomeration and aggregation of the magnetic nanoparticles.…”

Effects of Substrate Stiffness on Neutrophil Adhesion over L-selectin Coated Endothelial

“…Part of this process is also leukocyte-leukocyte interaction, which is L-selectin-dependent [4-6 same], when leukocyte roll over a layer of other leukocytes attached to the activated endothelial cells. L-selectin is also known to be related to some diseases like diabetes, sepsis, and meningitis [10][11][12][13][14][15]. L-selectins also guide lymphocytes to find lymph nodes [16,17].…”

Investigation of the effect of magnetic field on mass transfer parameters of CO2 absorption using Fe3O4‐water nanofluid

“…Application of novel techniques using various fluids on mass transfer rate and the use of nanoparticles in fluids was also proposed for enhancement of mass transfer process . H 2 S and CO 2 removal from biogas and the study of the presence of nanoparticles in water to enhance mass transfer in conventional techniques based on physical absorption has received more attention in recent years.…”