The article provides a comprehensive overview of key aspects related to vehicle operational reliability. It covers not only reliability characteristics, vehicle types and test methods, but also the organization of the test process, including planning, execution and analysis of results. Particular attention is paid to the assessment and analysis of the data obtained, which allows us to identify weaknesses in the design and operation of vehicles, as well as offer recommendations for their improvement. This article provides valuable guidance for both automotive and transportation industry professionals, researchers and the academic community interested in improving vehicle reliability and safety.