Materials process and applications of single grain (RE)–Ba–Cu–O bulk high-temperature superconductors

Li, Beizhan; Zhou, Difan; Kuangdi, Xu; Hara, Shogo; Tsuzuki, K.; Miki, M.; Felder, B.; Deng, Zigang; Izumi, Mitsuru

doi:10.1016/j.physc.2012.04.026

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…Equation ( 3) does require some modification to include the so-called 'fish-tail' or 'peak' effect in some (RE)BCO superconductors, where there is a 'second peak anomaly' found in some bulk samples [26,105,106]. An exponential fitting function has also been proposed to represent such behaviour [107].…”

Section: Understanding Flux Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These play a significant role in the magnetization of these materials, particularly for the PFM technique, where they can affect the magnitude and shape of the trapped field and the maximum temperature rise, and different results are observed in comparison to FC and ZFC, particularly for lower applied fields [104]. J c can also vary as a function of position in a sample: generally a lower J c is found at the edge with respect to the centre and at the bottom with respect to the top [26,33,111]. In general, and for most standard cases, the equation for J c is relatively easy to introduce into a model once the dependence on magnetic field, temperature and position is known [108].…”

Section: Inhomogeneities In (Re)bco Bulk Superconductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling of bulk superconductor magnetization

Ainslie

Fujishiro

2015

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

184

166

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This paper presents a topical review of the current state of the art in modelling the magnetization of bulk superconductors, including both (RE)BCO (where RE = rare earth or Y) and MgB 2 materials. Such modelling is a powerful tool to understand the physical mechanisms of their magnetization, to assist in interpretation of experimental results, and to predict the performance of practical bulk superconductor-based devices, which is particularly important as many superconducting applications head towards the commercialisation stage of their development in the coming years. In addition to the analytical and numerical techniques currently used by researchers for modelling such materials, the commonly used practical techniques to magnetize bulk superconductors are summarised with a particular focus on pulsed field magnetization (PFM), which is promising as a compact, mobile and relatively inexpensive magnetizing technique. A number of numerical models developed to analyse the issues related to PFM and optimise the technique are described in detail, including understanding the dynamics of the magnetic flux penetration and the influence of material inhomogeneities, thermal properties, pulse duration, magnitude and shape, and the shape of the magnetization coil(s). The effect of externally applied magnetic fields in different configurations on the attenuation of the trapped field is also discussed. A number of novel and hybrid bulk superconductor structures are described, including improved thermal conductivity structures and ferromagnet-superconductor structures, which have been designed to overcome some of the issues related to bulk superconductors and their magnetization and enhance the intrinsic properties of bulk superconductors acting as trapped field magnets (TFMs). Finally, the use of hollow bulk cylinders/tubes for shielding is analysed.

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Section: Understanding Flux Dynamicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Inhomogeneities In (Re)bco Bulk Superconductorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of bulk superconductor magnetization

Ainslie

Fujishiro

2015

Supercond. Sci. Technol.

184

166

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“…INGLE grain (RE)Ba2Cu3O7 [(RE)BCO] bulk high temperature superconductors (HTS), where RE=Y, Gd or Sm, are able to trap significantly larger magnetic fields than those generated by conventional permanent magnets [1], [2]. This enables a wide range of potential practical applications for these materials, including Maglev trains, energy storage systems and trapped flux devices [3]- [5]. However, significant stresses are generated during the magnetization and operation of these technologically important materials within the bulk sample due to the large Lorentz forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Mechanical Strength of YBCO Bulk Superconductors by Addition of Ag

Congreve

Shi

Huang

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. Appl. Supercond.

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The widespread use of ceramic (RE)Ba2Cu3O7 bulk superconductors (RE-123), where RE=Y, Gd or Sm, is generally hindered by their poor mechanical properties. While a large number of techniques can be used to improve the mechanical properties of conventional ceramic materials, many of these are incompatible with the growth of single grain, bulk RE-123 superconductors using the top seeded melt growth (TSMG) process. Complications arise due to the need to minimize the degradation of the superconducting properties and produce a single-grained sample. Nonetheless, the addition of Ag to RE-Ba-Cu-O [(RE)BCO] precursor powder has been demonstrated to be effective in improving the mechanical properties of single grain bulk superconductors fabricated by TSMG without deleterious effects on performance. Although large single grains of GdBa2Cu3O7-Ag and SmBa2Cu3O7-Ag have been successfully and reliably grown, it has proven more difficult to grow large single grains of YBa2Cu3O7-Ag. We recently demonstrated the growth of single grain YBa2Cu3O7-Ag bulk superconductors that exhibit relatively good superconducting properties. In this work, we report the flexural stress at a number of locations within YBa2Cu3O7 single grains grown by TSMG with and without additional liquid phase and with silver addition. In addition, we have compared the distribution of the failure stress with the pore and silver distribution.

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“…High‐temperature, single grain RE‐Ba‐Cu‐O [(RE)BCO] bulk superconductors, where RE is a rare‐earth element or Y, have many potential applications, including magnetic bearings, flywheel energy storage systems, and rotating electrical machines due to their ability to trap large, stable magnetic fields far in excess of those possible in permanent magnets . The field trapping ability of bulk (RE)BCO depends on the macroscopic critical current ( J c ) which, in turn, depends upon both the flux pinning ability, provided by nanosize defects and inclusions, and the absence of high angle grain boundaries in the single grain bulk microstructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure and Composition of Primary and Recycled Single Grains of YBCO, GdBCO‐Ag, and SmBCO‐Ag Bulk Superconductors

et al. 2016

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The widespread use of single grain RE-Ba-Cu-O [(RE)BCO] bulk superconductors, where RE is typically Sm, Gd, or Y, is, in part, limited by the relatively high costs of precursor powders and the low success rate of the manufacturing process. Both these problems can be addressed by recycling primaryprocessed grains in which the initial growth process has failed in some way. Key to the use of recycled grains in practical applications is an assurance that their properties and performance are not inferior to those of primary grown grains. In this work, we describe the differences between the growth process, microstructure, and properties of primary and recycled (RE)BCO single grains. We observe that the mechanism of growth is the same for both primary and recycled single grain samples in all three RE-based systems investigated. In the recycling process additional liquid-rich phase powder is provided beneath a failed sample, whereby this liquid phase infiltrates upwards and contributes a sufficient concentration of additional RE species at the growth front to enable samples to grow relatively easily in the form of single grains by producing a more uniform composition at the growth front, which leads directly to an increased tolerance to the presence of Ag and Ce-rich agglomerates. Importantly, we observe that the recycled samples have a much more uniform composition, and therefore exhibit more uniform superconducting properties, than single grain samples fabricated by a primary grown process.

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Materials process and applications of single grain (RE)–Ba–Cu–O bulk high-temperature superconductors

Cited by 36 publications

References 74 publications

Modelling of bulk superconductor magnetization

Modelling of bulk superconductor magnetization

Improving Mechanical Strength of YBCO Bulk Superconductors by Addition of Ag

Microstructure and Composition of Primary and Recycled Single Grains of YBCO, GdBCO‐Ag, and SmBCO‐Ag Bulk Superconductors

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