Maternal dietary zinc supplementation enhances the epigenetic-activated antioxidant ability of chick embryos from maternal normal and high temperatures

Abstract

The role of maternal dietary zinc supplementation in protecting the embryos from maternal hyperthermia-induced negative effects via epigenetic mechanisms was examined using an avian model (Gallus gallus). Broiler breeder hens were exposed to two maternal temperatures (21°C and 32°C) × three maternal dietary zinc treatments (zinc-unsupplemented control diet, the control diet + 110 mg zinc/kg inorganic or organic zinc) for 8 weeks. Maternal hyperthermia increased the embryonic mortality and induced oxidative damage evidenced by the elevated mRNA expressions of heat shock protein genes. Maternal dietary zinc deficiency damaged the embryonic development associated with the global DNA hypomethylation and histone 3 lysine 9 hyperacetylation in the embryonic liver. Supplementation of zinc in maternal diets effectively eliminated the embryonic mortality induced by maternal hyperthermia and enhanced antioxidant ability with the increased mRNA and protein expressions of metallothionein IV in the embryonic liver. The increased metallothionein IV mRNA expression was due to the reduced DNA methylation and increased histone 3 lysine 9 acetylation of the metallothionein IV promoter regardless of zinc source. These data demonstrate that maternal dietary zinc addition as an epigenetic modifier could protect the offspring embryonic development against maternal heat stress via enhancing the epigenetic-activated antioxidant ability.

Maternal dietary manganese protects chick embryos against maternal heat stress via epigenetic-activated antioxidant and anti-apoptotic abilities

“…The primer sequences are listed in Supplementary Table S1 . The internal references and calculations of relative gene mRNA expression for each target gene were used as described previously [ 58 ].…”

“…The MeDIP analysis for the gene promoter was conducted as previously described [ 58 ]. Small fragments of DNA between 600 and 200 bp were prepared by sonication and denatured to produce single-stranded DNA.…”

“…The ChIP analysis for gene promoter was determined as previously described [ 58 ]. The sonicated chromatin from the embryonic heart tissue samples was prepared and precleared following the instructions of previous publication [ 58 ].…”

Effects of in ovo injection of nano-selenium and nano-zinc oxide and high eggshell temperature during late incubation on antioxidant activity, thyroid and glucocorticoid hormones and some blood metabolites in broiler hatchlings

“…Xiao, Yuan, Wang, and Zhan (2016) reported that Se supplementation in the diet of breeders resulted in lower ROS and malondialdehyde (MDA) and higher GSH-Px, SOD and CAT activities in chick embryos exposed to high temperature. Zhu et al (2017) also indicated that maternal dietary zinc could protect chick embryos against maternal heat stress by elevating antioxidant capacity. Present study demonstrated that antioxidant activities of GSH-Px and SOD in chick embryos under high EST were significantly higher in Nano-Se and Nano-ZnO treatments than other heat treatments.…”

Effects of environmental temperature and dietary zinc on egg production performance, egg quality and antioxidant status and expression of heat-shock proteins in tissues of broiler breeders

“…However, recent studies in our laboratory have demonstrated that the organic Zn with a moderate chelation strength (Q f value = 30•7) had higher Abbreviations: CON, Zn-unsupplemented basal diet; CuZnSOD, Cu Zn superoxide dismutase; HSP 70 and HSP 90, heat-shock protein 70 and heat-shock protein 90; HT, high temperature; iZn, basal diet supplemented with 110 mg Zn/kg as the inorganic Zn sulphate; MDA, malondialdehyde; MT, metallothionein; NT, normal temperature; oZn, basal diet supplemented with 110 mg Zn/kg as the organic Zn proteinate with a moderate chelation strength (Q f value = 30; 7); ROS, reactive oxygen species. absorption and bioavailability than the inorganic ZnSO 4 , and both liver and pancreas are sensitive tissues to reflect the Zn status of broilers (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15) . Nevertheless, it is not clear whether dietary supplementation with Zn, especially the organic Zn with moderate chelation strength, can reduce oxidative damage and increase heat stress resistance with the enhancement of antioxidant ability in broiler breeders.…”