Maternal parity influences the birth sex ratio and birth interval of captive Francois’ langur (Trachypithecus francoisi)

Yi, Bojun; Wang, Song; Sun, Tao; Liu, Ruoshuang; Lawes, Michael J.; Yang, Li; Liu, Xuefeng; Li, Yifeng; Huang, Chengming; Zhou, Qihai; Fan, Penglai

doi:10.1007/s00265-023-03408-5

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Even very recent work may not consider sample size effects. For example, a study on captive langurs examining BSR in relation to maternal age was based on sample sizes of 1–34 births per age class [ 52 ]. Besides a sufficient sample size, again, more data for multiple groups of different sizes and for several years and different birth cohorts should be collected for wild populations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female-biased birth sex ratio in a female dispersal primate suggests local resource competition

Borries,

Koenig

2024

Biol. Lett.

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Group living may entail local resource competition (LRC) which can be reduced if the birth sex ratio (BSR) is biased towards members of the dispersing sex who leave the group and no longer compete locally with kin. In primates, the predicted relationship between dispersal and BSR is generally supported although data for female dispersal species are rare and primarily available from captivity. Here, we present BSR data for Phayre’s leaf monkeys ( Trachypithecus phayrei crepusculus ) at the Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, Thailand ( N = 104). In this population, nearly all natal females dispersed, while natal males stayed or formed new groups nearby. The slower reproductive rate in larger groups suggests that food can be a limiting resource. In accordance with LRC, significantly more females than males were born (BSR 0.404 males/all births) thus reducing future competition with kin. This bias was similar in 2-year-olds (no sex-differential mortality). It became stronger in adults, supporting our impression of particularly fierce competition among males. To better evaluate the importance of BSR, more studies should report sex ratios throughout the life span, and more data for female dispersal primates need to be collected, ideally for multiple groups of different sizes and for several years.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female-biased birth sex ratio in a female dispersal primate suggests local resource competition

Borries,

Koenig

2024

Biol. Lett.

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“…Currently, François' langurs are only distributed in a small area of the karst mountain forests from Vietnam to China, and their distribution is separated by roads, farmlands, and towns into more than 40 independent subpopulations, with a total population of less than 2000 individuals (Zhou et al., 2018 ). In China, the wild population size is 1589–1718 individuals (Yi et al., 2023 ). In recent years, habitat fragmentation has had a dramatic impact on the François' langur's population size and behavioral response (Huang et al., 2008 ; Li et al., 2007 , 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding adaptation of François' langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi) to the fragmented limestone habitats in Southwest China

Yao,

Huang,

Zhao

et al. 2024

Ecology and Evolution

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Limestone forests are an unusual habitat for primates, especially fragmented limestone habitats. However, while some research has been conducted on François' langurs (Trachypithecus francois) in these habitats, there is still a need to improve the understanding of their behavioral adaptations to the fragmented limestone habitat. We collected data on the diet of François' langurs in a fragmented limestone habitat in Encheng National Nature Reserve, southwestern Guangxi, China using instantaneous scanning sampling, and their feeding adaptations to the fragmented forest were examined. The results indicated that a total of 101 species of plants were consumed by the langurs. They also fed on two non‐plant components, including cliff minerals and at least one species of insect. The langurs ate a higher number of food species in Encheng when compared with the other geographic populations, and they maintained a high level of food diversity and ate more vines. Moreover, they were highly selective in their use of vegetation in their home range, and fewer plants provided a high‐quality food source. During the season when food resources were scarce, the consumption of fruits and young leaves decreased as their availability decreased. This led to the use of other food components, such as mature leaves and seeds. The findings support that François' langurs adjust their feeding behavior to cope with seasonal and micro‐variations in their dietary requirements and to adapt to their particular environment.

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“…Currently, Francois' langurs are only distributed in a small area of the karst mountain forests from Vietnam to China, and their distribution is separated by roads, farmlands, and towns into more than 40 independent subpopulations, with a total population of less than 2000 individuals (Zhou et al, 2018). In China, the wild population size of this langur is 1589-1718 individuals (Yi et al, 2023). In recent years, habitat fragmentation has had a dramatic impact on the Francois' langur's population size and behavioral response (Li et al, 2007;Li et al, 2009;Huang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding adaptation of François’ langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi) to the fragmented limestone habitats in Southwest China

Yao,

Huang,

Jiaxing

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Limestone forests are an unusual habitat for primates, especially fragmented limestone habitats. However, limited research has been conducted on Francois' langurs (Trachypithecus francois ) in these habitats, and there is a need to understand their behavioral adaptations to the fragmented limestone habitat. We collected data on the diet of Francois' langurs in a fragmented limestone habitat in Encheng National Nature Reserve, southwestern Guangxi, China, and their feeding adaptations to the fragmented forest were examined. The results indicated that a total of 101 species of plants were consumed by the langurs. The langurs ate a higher number of food species throughout the year when compared with other species, maintained a high level of food diversity, and ate more vines. Moreover, they were highly selective in their use of vegetation in their home range, and fewer plants provided a high-quality food source. During the season

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Maternal parity influences the birth sex ratio and birth interval of captive Francois’ langur (Trachypithecus francoisi)

Cited by 4 publications

References 64 publications

Female-biased birth sex ratio in a female dispersal primate suggests local resource competition

Female-biased birth sex ratio in a female dispersal primate suggests local resource competition

Feeding adaptation of François' langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi) to the fragmented limestone habitats in Southwest China

Feeding adaptation of François’ langurs (Trachypithecus francoisi) to the fragmented limestone habitats in Southwest China

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