Maternal smoking: age distribution, levels of alpha‐fetoprotein and human chorionic gonadotrophin, and effect on detection of Down syndrome pregnancies in second‐trimester screening

Abstract

While correcting AFP and hCG results for maternal smoking status will have little impact on the overall detection rate for Down syndrome, it may reduce the false-positive rate and will improve the accuracy of the risks given to individual women.

Maternal hormones during early pregnancy: a cross-sectional study

“…Mothers who reported smoking at enrollment had lower hCG concentrations than non-smoking mothers, consistent with data indicative of decreased hCG or free β-hCG both during the first [37, 38] and second trimester in smoking mothers [24, 29, 39, 40]. Interestingly, no correlation between hCG and number of cigarettes smoked per day has been observed [24, 39].…”

“…Interestingly, no correlation between hCG and number of cigarettes smoked per day has been observed [24, 39]. It has been proposed that morphological changes of the villus barrier and the trophoblasts in the placenta of women who smoke may account for the decrease in hCG concentrations [29, 30].…”

Dépistage prénatal de la trisomie 21 par les marqueurs sériques : expérience tunisienne

“…Toutefois, il faut remarquer que le poids maternel, l'origine ethnique, le tabagisme, le diabète sont des facteurs qui influencent la distribution des marqueurs sériques et, par la suite, peuvent influencer les performances de ce test de dépistage [39][40][41].…”

Chinese weight‐correction model for maternal serum markers in Down syndrome prenatal screening

“…The reciprocal model has a wide extension, which can fit a maternal weight between 80 and 350 lb [17]. Many researchers have followed this method of adjusting for maternal weight [18–20].…”