Maternally transmitted isotopes and their effects on larval fish: a validation of dual isotopic marks within a meta-analysis context

Starrs, Danswell; Davis, Jacqueline; Schlaefer, Jodie A.; Ebner, Brendan C.; Eggins, Stephen; Fulton, Christopher J.

doi:10.1139/cjfas-2013-0416

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Meta-analysis is a powerful tool to explore the significance and consistency of findings across multiple, independent studies [Borenstein et al, 2009;Starrs et al, 2014]. Effect size meta-analysis was conducted on data extracted from studies that explicitly examined total nitrogen, soluble protein and/or acid detergent fiber content.…”

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The importance of protein in leaf selection of folivorous primates

Ganzhorn

Nelson

Carrai

et al. 2016

American J Primatol

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Protein limitation has been considered a key factor in hypotheses on the evolution of life history and animal communities, suggesting that animals should prioritize protein in their food choice. This contrasts with the limited support that food selection studies have provided for such a priority in nonhuman primates, particularly for folivores. Here, we suggest that this discrepancy can be resolved if folivores only need to select for high protein leaves when average protein concentration in the habitat is low. To test the prediction, we applied meta-analyses to analyze published and unpublished results of food selection for protein and fiber concentrations from 24 studies (some with multiple species) of folivorous primates. To counter potential methodological flaws, we differentiated between methods analyzing total nitrogen and soluble protein concentrations. We used a meta-analysis to test for the effect of protein on food selection by primates and found a significant effect of soluble protein concentrations, but a non-significant effect for total nitrogen. Furthermore, selection for soluble protein was reinforced in forests where protein was less available. Selection for low fiber content was significant but unrelated to the fiber concentrations in representative leaf samples of a given forest. There was no relationship (either negative or positive) between the concentration of protein and fiber in the food or in representative samples of leaves. Overall our study suggests that protein selection is influenced by the protein availability in the environment, explaining the sometimes contradictory results in previous studies on protein selection. Am. J. Primatol. 79:e22550, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The statistical aspect can be reconciled by meta-analyses [e.g., Starrs et al, 2014]. The chemical aspects are more complex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The importance of protein in leaf selection of folivorous primates

Ganzhorn

Nelson

Carrai

et al. 2016

American J Primatol

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“…Transgenerational marking is a very recent technique, and enables the mass marking of larval fish, via maternal transmission of enriched stable isotopes of barium and/or strontium via the yolk of the egg (Thorrold et al, 2006;Starrs et al, 2014). Transgenerational marking has been validated on multiple species of fish, and has been found to have minimal impacts on both females and their resultant offspring (Williamson, Jones & Thorrold, 2009;Roy et al, 2013;Starrs et al, 2014). Transgenerational marking has been applied in a single field study, to explore the contribution of self-recruitment in populations of clownfish (Amphiprion percula) and butterfly fish (Chaetodon vagabundus), in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea (Almany et al, 2007).…”

Section: (1) Transgenerational Markingmentioning

confidence: 99%

All in the ears: unlocking the early life history biology and spatial ecology of fishes

2014

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Obtaining biological and spatial information of the early life history (ELH) phases of fishes has been problematic, such that larval and juvenile phases are often referred to as the 'black box' of fish population biology and ecology. However, a potent source of life-history data has been mined from the earstones (otoliths) of bony fishes. We systematically reviewed 476 empirical papers published between 2005 and 2012 (inclusive) that used otoliths to examine fish ELH phases, which has been an area of increasing attention over this period. We found that otolith-based research during this period could be split into two broad themes according to whether studies examined: (i) biological objectives related to intrinsic processes such as larval and juvenile age, growth and mortality, and/or (ii) spatial objectives, such as habitat use, dispersal and migration. Surprisingly, just 24 studies (5%) explored a combined biological-spatial objective by simultaneously exploiting biological and spatial information from otoliths, suggesting much more scope for such integrated research objectives to be answered via the use of multiple otolith-based techniques in a single study. Mapping otolith analytical techniques across these two approaches revealed that otolith structural analysis was mainly used to investigate biological processes, while otolith chemical analyses were most often applied to spatial questions. Heavy skew in research effort was apparent across biomes, with most (62%) publications specific to marine species, despite comparable levels of species richness and the importance of freshwater taxa (just 15% of papers). Indeed, around 1% (380 species) of a possible 31400+ extant species were examined in our surveyed papers, with a strong emphasis on temperate marine species of commercial value. Potential model species for otolith-based ELH ecology research are arising, with the eel genus Anguilla (24 studies) and the European anchovy Engraulis encrasicolis (14 studies) attracting more research effort than most other taxa. While there is a preponderance of common techniques (e.g. daily otolith increment counts, increment widths), novel techniques such as transgenerational marking and computed X-ray tomography, are increasingly being applied in published studies. The application of an integrative approach based on a combination of emerging techniques and traditional methods holds promise for major advances in our understanding of ELH fish ecology and to shine light into the 'black box' of fish ecology.

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“…Parameters monitored in this trial to assess fish health (Fulton's condition factor K, survival rate) indicated there were no negative health effects of enriched stable isotope marking on Atlantic salmon parr 70 d post-injection. Previous experiments that have used stable isotopes to mark fish by other delivery methods, such as transgenerational and immersion, have similarly detected no negative short-term effects of stable isotope treatments on survival and growth , Williamson et al 2009a, Woodcock et al 2011a, although possible effects may occur for different fish species (Starrs et al 2014). While we have no a priori reason to expect that stable isotope marking via vaccination injection should have any detrimental longterm effects on fish growth and condition in salmon, longer-term, larger-scale trials are required before the technique can be adopted as a mass-marking method for use on millions of fish.…”

Section: Fish Condition and Survivalmentioning

confidence: 91%

Stable isotope marking of otoliths during vaccination: a novel method for mass-marking fish

Warren‐Myers¹,

Dempster²,

Fjelldal³

et al. 2014

Aquacult. Environ. Interact.

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Tagging or marking of fishes enables the collection of population-based information for ecological research, yet few techniques enable 100% mark detection success. We tested a new mass-marking technique: otolith marking with enriched stable isotopes delivered during vaccination. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr were injected in either the abdominal cavity or muscle with a combination of enriched Sr isotope enrichment treatments achieved 100% mark success, with 0 to 34% success for 26 Mg, compared to experimental controls. Mark strength was greater when enriched isotopes were injected into the abdominal cavity compared to muscle. Isotope markers did not affect fish condition or survival. Marks could be differentiated with 100% success from the background levels present in wild parr collected from 22 Norwegian rivers. Stable isotope marking via vaccination with enriched stable isotopes is a mass-marking technique that, once optimised, could allow for cost-effective differentiation of wild and escaped farmed fish for each independent farming area.

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Maternally transmitted isotopes and their effects on larval fish: a validation of dual isotopic marks within a meta-analysis context

Cited by 16 publications

References 54 publications

The importance of protein in leaf selection of folivorous primates

The importance of protein in leaf selection of folivorous primates

All in the ears: unlocking the early life history biology and spatial ecology of fishes

Stable isotope marking of otoliths during vaccination: a novel method for mass-marking fish

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