Matrix metalloproteinases gene polymorphism haplotype is a risk factor to implant loss: A case‐control study

Abstract

Background Dental implants consist in the treatment of choice to replace tooth loss. The knowledge that implant loss tends to cluster in subsets of individuals may indicate that host response is influenced by genetic factors. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are enzymes that contribute to degradation and removal of collagen from extracellular matrix. Purpose This case‐control study aimed to investigate the haplotypic combination of MMP polymorphism (rs1144393, rs1799750, rs3025058, and rs11225395) and implant loss. Materials and Methods Two hundred nonsmokers subjects were matched by gender, age, implant number and position and divided in control group, 100 patients with one or more healthy implants, and test group, and 100 patients with one or more implant failures. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva and genotypes were obtained by PCR‐RFLP. Results A significant association of rs1799750 (MMP‐1) and rs11225395 (MMP‐8) polymorphism on early implant loss was demonstrated (P ≤ 0.001). Global haplotype analysis indicated a significant difference between both groups (P < 0.0001). Haplotype T‐A‐GG‐5A‐C had a statistically significant risk effect, while haplotype C‐A‐G‐6A‐C andT‐G‐2G‐5A‐C had a protective effect in implant loss. Conclusions The results of this study showed that MMPs haplotype are a risk factor to early implant loss.

<p>The relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms and dental implant loss: a scoping review</p>

“…Case-control studies were chosen as one of the criteria to ensure sufficient homogeneity of the resulting sample and because case-control design has been the most widely used approach in genetic association studies particularly concerning rare events such as implant failure 49. Case-control studies have been successfully used in identifying risk factors for periodontal disease,50 peri-implantitis,51 implant failure,52 and association of health care utilization with genetic polymorphisms 53. In case-control studies, subjects are grouped based on the outcome such as implant failure or success allowing comparison of exposure prevalence such as particular SNP between the groups.…”

“…Peri-implantitis,40 occlusal overloading,41 systemic comorbid conditions,42 medication regimen,43 patient unhealthy behaviors,44 and implant location45 and characteristics46 are among risk factors associated with implant failure 47. Dental implants have been suggested to exhibit cluster behavior, where a small proportion of patients are responsible for the majority of implant failures 6,52. In one study, 58.6% of the overall implant failures occurred in just 32.1% of the patients 6.…”

Matrix Metalloproteinases in Oral Health—Special Attention on MMP-8

“…As one of the major proteases in GCF, MMP-8 plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of peri-implantitis and shows a relationship with various clinical indicators. MMP-8 may also have potential application in the diagnosis and prognosis of peri-implant disease and serve as an adjunct to other related biological indicators in the diagnosis of peri-implant disease [ 4 , 32 , 64 , 65 , 66 ].…”

“…Similar results were obtained in a later case-control cross-sectional study from 2018, including 100 patients with early implant failure and 100 non-smokers with age and gender volunteers. The authors have explored the possible effect of four SNPs in four genes encoding MMPs: MMP8 −799 C > T (rs 11225395), MMP1 −519 A > G (rs 1144393), MMP1 −1607 G > GG (rs 1799750) and MMP3 −1612 5A > 6A (rs 3025058) [ 65 ]. The T allele and TT genotypes have appeared to be more frequent in test groups than in controls.…”

“…The T allele and TT genotypes have appeared to be more frequent in test groups than in controls. A significant finding of this study is that the haplotype T-A-GG-5A is a risk factor, while the C-A-G-6A and C-G-G-6A are protective against implant loss [ 65 ].…”