“…Patients with low back pain (LBP) due to degenerative disc disease (DDD) have traditionally been treated by spinal fusion [ 1 , 2 ]. However, Total Disc Replacement (TDR) has emerged as an alternative surgical option and has gained an increasing reputation over the past three decades since it was first described in 1984 [ [1] , [2] , [8] ]. TDRs allow continued, as opposed to spinal fusion, which completely blocks motion at the diseased disc level.…”