“…Plenty of investigations [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 11 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ] stated a high percentage of mesial-rotation of upper first molars in Class II malocclusion. In 2019, de Oliveira-Viganò et al stated that dental Class II show the highest levels of mesio-palatal rotation of the upper first molars [ 15 ].…”