Mayores Cuidando Mayores: Sus Percepciones Desde Una Mirada Integral

Abstract

Resumen: El envejecimiento es un proceso que conlleva múltiples cambios en el ser humano, generando que algunos adultos mayores se encuentren en situación de dependencia y requieran un cuidador. Este estudio cualitativo, con enfoque metodológico de estudio de caso, tiene por objetivo conocer las percepciones de adultos mayores que son cuidadores de otro adulto mayor con dependencia severa. Se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad empleando análisis de contenido y se definieron las siguientes categorías de investigación: motivaciones, dificultades, emociones del cuidador, postergación por el bien del otro, redes de apoyo familiares, emociones asociadas al diagnóstico, religión, institucionalización, expectativas de cuidado de enfermería, acceso a beneficios del estado, y muerte. Los resultados muestran que la mayoría de los cuidadores son mujeres, sin apoyo familiar, que tienen un vínculo sentimental con la persona cuidada, y que sus motivaciones para desempeñar esta labor son el cariño y la obligación. Se observó postergación por parte del cuidador dedicándose por completo a esta labor, abandonando actividades ajenas al cuidado y experimentando sobrecarga acompañada de limitaciones económicas debido a los bajos ingresos que reciben.Abstract: Aging is a process that involves multiple changes in the human being, forcing some elderly people in a situation of dependency to require a caregiver. This is a qualitative study with a methodological approach of case study, aiming to know the perceptions of older people who are caregivers of another elderly people with severe dependence. In-depth interviews were conducted using content analysis. The following categories were defined: motivations, difficulties, caregiver emotions, self postponement for the sake of the other, family support, emotions associated with the diagnosis, religion, institutionalization, nursing care expectations, access to state benefits, and death. The results show that most caregivers are women, without family support, who have a sentimental bond with the person cared for, and that their motivations to perform this task where affection and obligation. Self postponement was observed; the caregiver devots completely to this task, abandoning other activities and experiencing burden accompanied by economic limitations due to the low income they receive.Resumo: O envelhecimento é um processo que envolve múltiplas mudanças no ser humano, gerando algumas pessoas idosas em uma situação de dependência, exigindo um cuidador. Este estudo qualitativo, com abordagem metodológica de estudo de caso, visa conhecer as percepções de idosos que são cuidadores de outra pessoa idosa com dependência severa. Foram realizadas entrevistas em profundidade utilizando análise de conteúdo e foram definidas as seguintes categorias de pesquisa: motivações, dificuldades, emoções do cuidador, adiamento para o bem do outro, redes de apoio familiar, emoções associadas ao diagnóstico, religião, institucionalização, expectativas de atendimento de enfermagem, acesso a benefícios estatai...

Sleep and family functionality of older caregivers in high social vulnerability: a cross-sectional study

“…1 Because of the aging population, new family arrangements, and the insertion of younger women in the labor market, the literature shows that older adults are taking care of other older adults. 2,3 Many times, this care is suddenly assumed because the older adult is the only caregiver option among the available family members. In addition, he or she does not receive support from other people for the caregiving task, besides not being psychologically or technically prepared to perform the new role, which can culminate in a situation of extreme anxiety.…”

Family beliefs about care for older people in Central, East, Southern and West Africa and Latin America

“…Filial duty, also described as 'filial piety', 'filial obligation' and 'filial responsibility', was most prevalent (n = 26). There is a strong sense that responsibility for taking care of older persons lies with their children (Fernández et al, 2014;Hanrahan, 2018;Ramírez-Pereira et al, 2018;Aires et al, 2019a;. Filial duty is a powerful sociocultural norm (Silva and García, 2014;Lorca and Ponce, 2015;Gutierrez and Ochoa, 2021).…”

“…Male carers in Acapulco, Mexico, contradict the gendered social construct by claiming that it is not related to femininity; instead, they see a carer as needing to be brave, strong and dedicated (Nance et al, 2018). In some cases, men fell into the carer role due to circumstances and learnt how to care as a necessity (Troncoso Miranda, 2015) but felt out of place in a feminine role (Ramírez-Pereira et al, 2018).…”

“…There are strong beliefs that older adults should live within a family home (Faller et al, 2017;Lloyd-Sherlock et al, 2018;Rosa et al, 2017;Gempp and Benadof, 2018;Hanrahan, 2018;Ramírez-Pereira et al, 2018;Aires et al, 2019b;Galvis-Palacios et al, 2019;Mocellin et al, 2019). Where families are providing complex and demanding care, Brazilian families feel pressured to keep their older family members at home because institutionalisation is deemed abandonment (Aires et al, 2019b) or an admission of helplessness (Mocellin et al, 2019).…”

Projetos Pessoais de Idosos a Partir de uma Política Pública de Moradia

“…Nos discursos dos idosos sobre crenças religiosas destacados nos estudos de Ramírez-Pereira et al (2018), Deus aparece como um ser supremo que determina suas vidas, que dá suporte, força e consolo nos momentos difíceis da vida. Estudos feitos por Silva Júnior, Eulálio, Souto, Santos, Melo e Lacerda (2019) apontam que idosos que têm uma religião são mais resilientes e, portanto, têm uma maior capacidade de enfrentamento às adversidades, o que pode resultar em um envelhecimento equilibrado e bem-sucedido.…”