Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Associated with Dragon Fruit in Indonesia

Sartiami, Dewi; Saptayanti, Nelly; Syahputra, Edi; Mardiasih, Warastin Puji; Desmawati, Desmawati

doi:10.2991/absr.k.200513.005

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Damage symptoms caused by these pests are a dry skin surface, fruit shrinkage, wrinkled skin, and honeydew which causes sooty molds (Mani and Shivaraju 2014;Nurhafizhah et al 2020). According to Sartiami et al (2019), the mealybug species found on dragon fruits in Indonesia are Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell), Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, Planococcus minor (Maskell), and Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, which belong to the family Pseudococcidae, order Hemiptera. In addition to dragon fruit, all these four mealybug species have a wide range of host plants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification key to nymphal and adult mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) associated with dragon fruits in Indonesia

et al. 2021

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Abstract. Rezeki MS, Harahap IS, Sartiami D, Irmansyah, Watson GW. 2021. Identification key to nymphal and adult mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) associated with dragon fruits in Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 3113-3118. Dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.), belonging to Cactaceae family, is one of the horticultural commodities being developed in Indonesia for export. Phytosanitary regulations require that fruits for export must be free from diseases and pests, including mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae). Mealybug species commonly found on dragon fruits in Indonesia are Ferrisia virgata (Cockerell), Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, Planococcus minor (Maskell) and Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller. Species-level identification of these insects in the nymphal phase is difficult due to the limited number of identification keys available, so it has been necessary to create an identification key to nymphs of mealybug species found on dragon fruit. A dichotomous identification key was constructed based on microscopic morphological characteristics of the cuticle. Thus, the four species can be differentiated based on general and unique characteristics of each species in the nymphal and adult stages. The diagnostic features that can be used to separate the four species in the nymphal phase are the presence or absence of: discoidal pores around the eyes; anal lobe bars; tubular ducts on the dorsum; and a denticle on each tarsal claw.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification key to nymphal and adult mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) associated with dragon fruits in Indonesia

et al. 2021

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“…M ealybugs (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae) are globally distributed, highly aggressive pests of many commercial, non-commercial, and ornamental plants [1][2][3] . They are a diverse group of sap-sucking insects, with at least 32 genera and around 105 species 4 .…”

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Fatty acyl-CoA reductase influences wax biosynthesis in the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley

Tong

Wang

et al. 2022

Commun Biol

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Mealybugs are highly aggressive to a diversity of plants. The waxy layer covering the outermost part of the integument is an important protective defense of these pests. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying wax biosynthesis in mealybugs remain largely unknown. Here, we analyzed multi-omics data on wax biosynthesis by the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley, and found that a fatty acyl-CoA reductase (PsFAR) gene, which was highly expressed in the fat bodies of female mealybugs, contributed to wax biosynthesis by regulating the production of the dominant chemical components of wax, cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). RNA interference (RNAi) against PsFAR by dsRNA microinjection and allowing mealybugs to feed on transgenic tobacco expressing target dsRNA resulted in a reduction of CHC contents in the waxy layer, and an increase in mealybug mortality under desiccation and deltamethrin treatments. In conclusion, PsFAR plays crucial roles in the wax biosynthesis of mealybugs, thereby contributing to their adaptation to water loss and insecticide stress.

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Vapor heat treatment against Planococcus lilacinus Cockerell (Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae) on dragon fruit

Ren

Lu²,

Xue

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND:The coffee mealybug Planococcus lilacinus Cockerell, is an invasive pest that infests dragon fruit [Selenicereus undatus (Haworth) D.R. Hunt], that may require a phytosanitary treatment to meet quarantine requirements. In this study, vapor heat treatment was conducted to disinfest P. lilacinus on dragon fruit and the quality of dragon fruit was evaluated thereafter.RESULTS: Adult female P. lilacinus was the most heat-tolerant stage at 47, 48 and 49 °C. The death kinetic model and probit model were used to predict LT 99.9968 at the three temperatures. The treatment times predicted by the kinetic model that could effectively disinfest adult female P. lilacinus females were 120.84, 78.06 and 67.96 min at 47, 48 and 49 °C, respectively. In a confirmatory test of vapor heat treatment at 49 °C for 70 min, complete mortality was recorded for 33 195 adult females infesting 148 dragon fruits; thus, the efficacy level of disinfestation was 99.9910% at 95% confidence level. The quality of dragon fruit generally was not affected by heat treatment, fruit firmness was increased remarkably and respiration rate was significantly decreased.CONCLUSION: Our result indicates that vapor heat treatment at 49 °C for a duration of 70 min is an effective phytosanitary treatment for control of P. lilacinus on dragon fruit that minimally impacts fruit quality.

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Mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) Associated with Dragon Fruit in Indonesia

Cited by 7 publications

References 8 publications

Identification key to nymphal and adult mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) associated with dragon fruits in Indonesia

Identification key to nymphal and adult mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) associated with dragon fruits in Indonesia

Fatty acyl-CoA reductase influences wax biosynthesis in the cotton mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley

Vapor heat treatment against Planococcus lilacinus Cockerell (Hemiptera:Pseudococcidae) on dragon fruit

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