Measles immunometrics

Pierson, Theodore C.; Yewdell, Jonathan W.

doi:10.1073/pnas.1212243109

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…Challenge studies of measles infection in nonhuman primates have shown that while infectious virus is rapidly cleared, MV RNA persists in blood for up to three months after infection. The persistence of viral RNA is thought to be responsible for the prolonged immune suppression; however, this causal relationship is not conclusively established [23,24]. Mina et al [20] found that their best-fitting model assumed a mean duration of measles-induced immuno-modulation of approximately 30 months.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the consequences of measles-induced immune modulation for whooping cough epidemiology

Noori

Rohani

2019

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Measles, an acute viral disease, continues to be an important cause of childhood mortality worldwide. Infection with the measles virus is thought to be associated with a transient but profound period of immune suppression. Recently, it has been claimed that measles-induced immune manipulation lasts for about 30 months and results in increased susceptibility to other co-circulating infectious diseases and more severe disease outcomes upon infection. We tested this hypothesis using model-based inference applied to parallel historical records of measles and whooping cough mortality and morbidity. Specifically, we used maximum likelihood to fit a mechanistic transmission model to incidence data from three different eras, spanning mortality records from 1904 to 1912 and 1922 to 1932 and morbidity records from 1946 to 1956. Our aim was to quantify the timing, severity and pathogenesis impacts of measles-induced immune modulation and their consequences for whooping cough epidemiology across a temporal gradient of measles transmission. We identified an increase in susceptibility to whooping cough following recent measles infection by approximately 85-, 10- and 36-fold for the three eras, respectively, although the duration of this effect was variable. Overall, while the immune impacts of measles may be strong and clearly evident at the individual level, their epidemiological signature in these data appears both modest and inconsistent. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Modelling infectious disease outbreaks in humans, animals and plants: approaches and important themes’. This issue is linked with the subsequent theme issue ‘Modelling infectious disease outbreaks in humans, animals and plants: epidemic forecasting and control’.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying the consequences of measles-induced immune modulation for whooping cough epidemiology

Noori

Rohani

2019

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The Long-Term Effects of Measles Vaccination on Earnings and Employment

Atwood

2022

American Economic Journal: Economic Policy

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The measles vaccine was introduced in 1963. Take-up of the vaccine in the United States occurred quickly and universally, leading to reductions in morbidity and mortality. New biological evidence on how the measles virus interacts with our immune system indicates the impact of the measles vaccine may be underestimated. Using a difference-in-difference identification strategy, I find evidence the measles vaccine increased earnings and employment. Long-term follow-up of adults finds an increase in income of 1. 1 percent and positive effects on employment. This increase in income is not from an increase in hours worked but rather from greater productivity. (JEL I12, I18, J22, J24, J31)

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Measles immunometrics

Cited by 2 publications

References 16 publications

Quantifying the consequences of measles-induced immune modulation for whooping cough epidemiology

Quantifying the consequences of measles-induced immune modulation for whooping cough epidemiology

The Long-Term Effects of Measles Vaccination on Earnings and Employment

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