Measurement and Correlation for Solubilities of Adipic Acid, Glutaric Acid and Succinic Acid in Acetic Acid + Cyclohexanone Mixtures

Abstract

Under atmospheric pressure, the solubilities of adipic acid, glutaric acid, and succinic acid in acetic acid + cyclohexanone mixtures were measured respectively by using the laser dynamic method in which the temperature ranged from 298.55 to 340.85 K and the mass fraction of cyclohexanone in the binary solvent mixtures ranged from 0.0 to 1.0. The results showed that the solubilities of adipic acid, glutaric acid, and succinic acid in acetic acid + cyclohexanone solvent mixtures all increased with decreasing of the mass fraction of cyclohexanone in the solvent mixtures at the constant temperature, and with the gradually increasing of temperature the measured solubilities of adipic acid, glutaric acid and succinic acid in acetic acid + cyclohexanone solvent mixtures would increase at the constant proportion solvent mixtures. The λh equation and the nonrandom two liquid (NRTL) activity coefficient model were used to correlate the experimental solubilities, and the average relative deviation was lesser than 2% respectively. It was found that the solubilities calculated by these models showed a good agreement with the experimental observations. In addition, the λh equation with a small number of adjustable parameters is very suitable for engineers so that they could use directly. Compared with the λh equation, the NRTL equation has a wider range of applications due to the stronger theory.

Measurement and Correlation for Solubilities of Adipic Acid, Glutaric Acid, and Succinic Acid in Dimethyl Adipate + Methanol Mixtures

“…The experimental apparatus and experimenting methods used in this work were described in detail by Luo. , Briefly, the dynamic detection method was applied to measure the solubility by a laser monitoring observation technique. − The experimental apparatus are shown in Figure , which include laser-detecting equipment, a temperature-controlling and monitoring equipment, a solid–liquid equilibrium (SLE) vessel, and a magnetic stirrer. In brief, the experiment was performed in a jacketed equilibrium glass bottle with a reaction vessel of 100 mL.…”

“…Song measured the solubilities of SA in acetic acid + water mixtures at the temperature range of 303.2–333.2 K and acetic acid + cyclohexane mixtures at the temperature range of 303.2–343.2 K . Luo measured the solubilities of AA, GA, and SA in acetic acid + cyclohexanone mixtures at the temperature range of 298.55–340.85 K …”

“…Some relevant solubilities of AA, GA, and SA in pure or mixed solvents could be obtained in recent literatures. Luo measured the solubilities of AA in acetic acid + ε-caprolactone mixtures and cyclohexanone + ε-caprolactone mixtures at the temperature range of 305.55 to 345.15 K. 12 Suren measured the solubilities of AA in various solvents, such as water, acetic acid, acetic acid + water solvent mixtures, cyclohexanol + cyclohexanone solvent mixtures at temperatures ranging from 303.0 to 403.0 K. 13 Li measured the solubilities of AA in GA + acetone solvent mixtures at temperatures ranging from 304.70 to 354.65 K and SA in GA + acetone solvent mixtures at the temperatures ranging from 284.95 to 316.35 K. 14 Shen measured the solubilities of AA in acetic acid + water solvent mixtures and acetic acid + cyclohexane solvent mixtures at temperatures ranging from 303.2 to 343.2 K. 15 Mao measured the solubilities of AA in different solvents, such as water, ethanol, chloroform, n-butanol, and acetone at the temperature range of 288.05−360.05 K. 16 Fan measured the solubilities of AA in several solvents, such as cyclohexanone, cyclohexanol, acetic acid, N,N-dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide at the temperature range of 290.80−355.15 K. 17 Shen measured the solubilities of AA in cyclohexanone + cyclohexanol mixtures at the temperature range of 303.15−349.45 K, cyclohexane + cyclohexanol mixtures at the temperature range of 304.15−339.45 K, and cyclohexane + cyclohexanone mixtures at the temperature range of 304.85−342.45 K. 18 Yu measured the solubilities of AA in cyclohexanol + cyclohexanone solvent mixtures at the temperature range of 303.0−353.0 K and cyclohexanone + cyclohexane solvent mixtures at the temperature range of 303.0−378.5 K. 19 Gaivoronskii measured the solubilities of AA in methanol at the temperature range of 273.2− 333.2 K. 20 Lei measured the solubilities of GA in acetic acid + water mixtures at the temperature range of 303.2−333.2 K and acetic acid + cyclohexane mixtures at the temperature range of 303.2−343.2 K. 21 Song measured the solubilities of GA in cyclohexanone + cyclohexanol mixtures and acetic acid at the temperature range of 292.15−354.60 K. 22 Jiang measured the solubilities of SA in methanol + water mixtures and ethanol + water mixtures at the temperature range of 278.15−333.15 K. 23 Song measured the solubilities of SA in acetic acid + water mixtures at the temperature range of 303.2−333.2 K and acetic acid + cyclohexane mixtures at the temperature range of 303.2− 343.2 K. 24 Luo measured the solubilities of AA, GA, and SA in acetic acid + cyclohexanone mixtures at the temperature range of 298.55−340.85 K. 25 Unfortunately, satisfactory experimental equilibrium data for AA, GA, and SA in DMA + methanol solvent mixtures are lacking for the particular conditions of temperature and composition required in a particular program. Hence, it is essential to measure and correlate the solubilities of AA, GA, and SA in DMA + methanol solvent mixtures, respectively.…”

Experimental Determination and Modeling of the Solubility of Sodium Chloride in Subcritical Water from (568 to 598) K and (10 to 25) MPa

“…The solubility of sodium chloride in subcritical water was determined using a flow-type measuring apparatus. This apparatus was designed and produced based on the work of Higashi et al and Leusbrock et al ,,, The schematic diagram of the apparatus is shown in Figure . In the apparatus, a high temperature and pressure equilibrium cell was produced by Hastelloy C-276 to prevent severe corrosion to the cell body.…”

“…The Flory–Huggins model is a strict theoretical model which is based on two traditional solution theories. These models have been successfully applied in correlating the solubilties of several inorganic salts in supercritical water with the range of data available. ,,, In contrast, other models are purely empirical models which do not have any thermodynamic theoretical background. In that case, the prediction of an empirical model over a wide range is less reliable than that of theoretical solubility model.…”