Measurement of Intellectual Capital Components through Activity Reports of Companies

The Intangible Resources and Small Firms’ Multilevel Performance: A Partial Least Squares Approach

“…It is a personal information or knowledge stock of the firm that is represented by its employees and sources of strategic innovation and invention which consists some elements such as experience, skill, business knowledge, education, creativity and employees' satisfaction (Yıldız, Meydan, & Güner, 2014). It also comprises knowledge's stock of capital skills, attitudes, and intellectual agility of employees at all levels and their ability to make good decisions, deal with the problems, as well as creating and maintaining good interpersonal relationships (Gogan & Draghici, 2013).…”

“…On the other hand, structural capital refers to sum total of organizational capabilities which are considered to be owned by the business and enable it to meet its market requirements (Yıldız et al, 2014), and therefore remains with the firm even when the employees leave, as it is generally explicit and owned by the business independently from its employees (Sydler et al, 2013). It is a form of capital which contains both organizational and technological elements which pursue the integration and coordination of activities within the firm (Castro & Sáez, 2008).…”

“…It is a form of capital which contains both organizational and technological elements which pursue the integration and coordination of activities within the firm (Castro & Sáez, 2008). These elements of structural capital include intellectual property, culture, systems and processes (Yıldız et al, 2014), databases and computer networks, equipment structure, management style or software as well organizational culture (Gogan & Draghici, 2013).…”

“…It is the information which is grounded within market channels which the firm developed through business and customer relations (Yıldız et al, 2014), and entirety of the value of the relationships between firm with people and organizations with which it conducts its business (Sydler et al, 2013). Castro and Sáez (2008) argued that, relational capital is also concerned with both business capital, i.e., value of firm's relationships which involved the agents of its basic business activities and processes such as customers, suppliers, and allies, and the social capital which refers to the value of the firm's relationships with its surroundings and other social agents.…”

Examining the relationship between the intellectual capital and the staff performance

“…They confirmed that intellectual capitals were positively associated with firm operating efficiency. Yıldız et al (2014) measured the intellectual capital through annual activity reports of banks operating in Turkey and determined whether the criteria of human capital, structural capital, and customer capital, were disclosed at various levels based on bank kinds or not. They reported that respectively, bank with private capital gave more importance to the intellectual capital.…”