Measuring everyday adaptation after imprisonment: The post-release living inventory for ex-prisoners (PORLI-ex)

Liu, Huinan; Mok, Yuen Chi; Lau, Ka Lok; Hou, Wai Kai

doi:10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100352

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 81 publications

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“…The findings are in line with the nature of the crime, as inmates who committed minor crimes like loitering, theft, and grievous harm are the ones convicted with short sentences. The findings are supported by Liu et al (2023), who explained that early releases of offenders do not necessarily provide a lasting solution. The chances of reoffending are high because rehabilitation activities programmed for short-period offenders are not offered.…”

Section: Determinants Of Recidivism To Prisonersmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Apart from that, only a few days were devoted to the training, hence not enough for a prisoner to get agricultural skills. In connection to Bloom (2016) and Liu et al (2023), most experts agree that a large proportion of former prisoners have low levels of education and work experience, health problems, and other personal characteristics that make them hard to employ, particularly in a labour market that offers fewer well-paying opportunities for individuals who lack post-secondary education.…”

Section: 43mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Initiatives in Reducing Recidivism in Tanzania: Evidence from Isanga and Ukonga Central Prisons

Mbawala,

James Mgale,

Rwela

2024

RPJ

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Although there have been different rehabilitation activities introduced by Tanzania Prison Services (TPS) since independence to reduce recidivism, the rate of recidivism has remained relatively high with the prevalence of reoffending and stigma on the part of ex-prisoners. Failure to effectively implement rehabilitation activities is said to be among the causes of an increase in recidivism by the ex-prisoners. With support from cognitive behavioural therapy, human capital theory, and labelling theory, this study aimed to explore the effects of rehabilitation activities on reducing recidivism in Tanzania by combining quantitative and qualitative analyses. Data were collected through surveys, interviews, discussions, and observations. Quantitative data were analysed through descriptive statistics and binary logistic regression, while qualitative data were analysed through content analysis. Findings revealed that informal rehabilitation activities were not able to reduce the reoffending behaviour of recidivists. The effective rehabilitation activities were those focused on life skills, psychosocial aspects, and educational programs. Problems such as curriculum design, financial constraints, infrastructure limitations, attendance problems, and varying literacy levels among prisoners pose obstacles to the effective rehabilitation of prisoners. Therefore, rehabilitation initiatives should focus on generating practical skills that contribute to the successful reintegration of prisoners into society. In addition, life skills, spiritual, psychological, and educational programs must be supported by authentic curricula and well-defined delivery modes. Prison management should also be sensitized to the importance of disciplinary science, aftercare services, and startup capital for enhancing reintegration, proper rehabilitation, and reducing recidivism among prisoners.

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Section: Determinants Of Recidivism To Prisonersmentioning

confidence: 58%

Section: 43mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Initiatives in Reducing Recidivism in Tanzania: Evidence from Isanga and Ukonga Central Prisons

Mbawala,

James Mgale,

Rwela

2024

RPJ

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“…On any given day, around 70,000 children under the age of 18 are engaged in the US criminal justice system, among which 53,000 are detained in various correctional facilities (Alcorn, 2014;Fazel et al, 2008). Everyday life of detained youths, similar to adult ex-prisoners, is characterized by abuse, neglect, insufficient access to stable housing/food/education opportunities, insecure family environment, chaotic community conditions, and poor access to healthcare facilities (Anoshiravani, 2020;Borschmann et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2023). These social determinants contribute to a disparity of mental health between juvenile offenders and their non-justiceinvolved peers, with the prior at increased risk of psychiatric disorders, self-harm, substance abuse, and delinquent behaviors (Anoshiravani, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying multilevel predictors of trajectories of psychopathology and resilience among juvenile offenders: A machine learning approach

Liu,

Hou,

Lau

et al. 2023

Dev Psychopathol

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Mental ill health is more common among juvenile offenders relative to adolescents in general. Little is known about individual differences in their long-term psychological adaptation and its predictors from multiple aspects of their life. This study aims to identify heterogeneous trajectories of probable psychiatric conditions and their predictors. Participants included 574 juvenile offenders who were first convicted for serious crimes and without detention history. The participants were assessed at 11 timepoints over seven years (2000–2010). Growth mixture modeling revealed the same three trajectories for both probable anxiety and probable depression: stable low trajectory (75.96%; 75.78%), stable high trajectory (15.16%; 10.98%), and recovery (8.89%, 13.24%). Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) logistic regression identified three multilevel predictors for memberships of different trajectories. Risk factors against stable low trajectory lay within personal (e.g., neuroticism), relationship (e.g., parental hostility), and contextual levels (e.g., chaotic neighborhood). Resilience factors for stable low trajectory included strong work orientation and low education level of father. Recovery was predicted by Black race, self-identity, high education level of father, and nonincarcerated sentencing. Our findings suggest that both psychopathology and psychological resilience could be predicted by multiple personal, relationship, and contextual factors in the social ecology of juvenile offenders.

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Adverse effects of criminal legal system involvement: a qualitative study examining the role of incarceration and reentry on substance use trajectories among women with opioid use disorders

Strong-Jones,

Brant,

Kreager

et al. 2024

BMC Global Public Health

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Background Women with substance use disorders (SUDs) often experience adversity related to incarceration and reentry that can impact their substance use outcomes. This study aims to examine the adverse effects of incarceration and reentry on substance use outcomes among women with a history of opioid use disorder (OUD). Methods We carried out 42 semi-structured interviews (May–July 2022) with women with a history of criminal legal involvement and OUD (n = 20), criminal legal professionals (n = 10), and SUD treatment professionals (n = 12). The interviews focused on women’s substance use trajectories, barriers to treatment, and the intersection of the criminal legal system and treatment. None of the women were presently incarcerated during their interviews. Results Participants expressed the severe adverse impact of criminal legal involvement on women with OUD. Many women felt traumatized by experiencing detox while incarcerated, especially as they received minimal aid for withdrawal symptoms. Women seeking recovery while incarcerated felt unsupported, being afforded few treatment options, and experiencing stigma. Reentering society after incarceration also posed significant challenges to women’s individual recovery goals. Reentry-related challenges such as returning to unsupportive environments, facing difficulties finding employment, lacking secure housing, and facing the stigma of incarceration triggered adverse outcomes, such as relapse among those who were seeking to avoid illicit substances. Conclusions Findings suggest a need to evaluate detox protocols, medication for opioid use disorder (MOUD) access, and stigma in the criminal legal system. Interventions facilitating women’s reentry, reducing the combined stigma of incarceration and OUD, and restoring agency for women with OUD are also needed.

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Measuring everyday adaptation after imprisonment: The post-release living inventory for ex-prisoners (PORLI-ex)

Cited by 3 publications

References 81 publications

Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Initiatives in Reducing Recidivism in Tanzania: Evidence from Isanga and Ukonga Central Prisons

Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Initiatives in Reducing Recidivism in Tanzania: Evidence from Isanga and Ukonga Central Prisons

Identifying multilevel predictors of trajectories of psychopathology and resilience among juvenile offenders: A machine learning approach

Adverse effects of criminal legal system involvement: a qualitative study examining the role of incarceration and reentry on substance use trajectories among women with opioid use disorders

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