Measuring liquid penetration in thin, porous sheets with ultrasound and drop absorption – scope and limitations

Waldner, Carina; Mayrhofer, Anna; Hirn, Ulrich

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129551

Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspect

2022

DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.129551

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Measuring liquid penetration in thin, porous sheets with ultrasound and drop absorption – scope and limitations

Carina Waldner

Anna Mayrhofer

Ulrich Hirn

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2024

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Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

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Ultra‐Fast, Unidirectional Water Absorption on Wood Ear

Wang,

Zhao,

Luo

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Materials exhibiting rapid, unidirectional liquid absorption are desirable for comfort textiles and wound dressings. Implementing chemical or structural gradient along the vertical axis of substrates is an effective way to achieve such properties. Liquid's lateral spreading across the substrate affects area occurring vertical imbibition. However, the influence of lateral spreading on liquid's overall absorption remains unexplored. Findings on ultra‐fast, unidirectional water absorption on the abhymenium of wood ear fungi are presented, featuring dense micro‐sized hairs atop a porous sublayer containing smaller micro‐/nano‐pores. These hairs facilitate lateral spreading, and the gradient‐sized structures from the surface hairs to the internal pores enhance capillary force, promoting efficient vertical imbibition. The synergistic wicking mechanism in both directions shortens absorption time of a 1‐µL droplet by two orders of magnitude compared to a solely porous surface (35 ms vs 5.2 s). An artificial micro‐pillar array on a porous substrate also exhibits ultra‐fast, unidirectional water absorption. This study advances the understanding of liquid dynamics in porous media and provides a blueprint for engineering materials with superior liquid management.

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Ultra‐Fast, Unidirectional Water Absorption on Wood Ear

Wang,

Zhao,

Luo

et al. 2024

Advanced Materials

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Liquid penetration in hydrophobised cellulose based sheets

Nicasy,

Waldner,

Erich

et al. 2024

Cellulose

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Controlling the liquid transport within cellulose-based materials is crucial for numerous applications, including printing, bio-assays, packaging, and cleaning. To control liquid transport and quality, post-processes such as calendering, a way of compressing and smoothen the paper using hard pressure rollers, and hydrophobisation, are commonly employed. To understand how these processes influence liquid uptake, this study uses an Ultra-Fast Imaging (UFI) NMR method to analyse moisture profiles during liquid uptake in various cellulose-based paper sheets with diverse levels of hydrophobisation and calendering. It is demonstrated that calendering decreases penetration speed and increases swelling. The reduction in penetration speed could be linked to a decrease in permeability upon calendering, as measured by the Gurley air permeance. Additionally, it is observed that hydrophobisation delayed and slowed down liquid uptake in the paper samples, and, in extreme cases, completely altered the liquid uptake phenomena. With substantial hydrophobisation, liquid penetration no longer proceeded with a well-defined liquid front but exhibited huge levels of fingering. Furthermore, is was observed that within highly hydrophobised paper, fibres were first prewetted, initiating a first swelling, before the pores between fibres could be filled. Subsequently, water could enter the pores between, allowing fibre bonds to be broken, leading to a second swelling of the paper sheet. The improved understanding will contribute to better control of the flow within cellulose-based materials, benefiting applications such as printing, packaging and microfluidics.

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Liquid uptake in porous cellulose sheets studied with UFI-NMR: Penetration, swelling and air displacement

Nicasy,

Waldner,

Erich

et al. 2024

Carbohydrate Polymers

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Measuring liquid penetration in thin, porous sheets with ultrasound and drop absorption – scope and limitations

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Ultra‐Fast, Unidirectional Water Absorption on Wood Ear

Ultra‐Fast, Unidirectional Water Absorption on Wood Ear

Liquid penetration in hydrophobised cellulose based sheets

Liquid uptake in porous cellulose sheets studied with UFI-NMR: Penetration, swelling and air displacement

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