Measuring Oxidative Stress: The Confounding Effect of Lipid Concentration in Measures of Lipid Peroxidation

Pérez‐Rodríguez, Lorenzo; Romero-Haro, Ana A.; Sternalski, Audrey; Muriel, Jaime; Mougeot, François; Gil, Diego; Alonso‐Álvarez, Carlos

doi:10.1086/680688

Cited by 84 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…At catch‐up point, lipid peroxidation was lower at 18:6 cycles, probably indicating the benefits (less ROS) of having activated the antioxidant machinery (Costantini, ). Alternatively, lower MDA levels may indicate a lower accumulation of fat reserves in larvae (Burraco, Iglesias‐Carrasco, Cabido, & Gomez‐Mestre, ; Pérez‐Rodríguez et al, ), reflected also in the positive relationship between MDA levels and body mass at this point.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic costs of altered growth trajectories across life transitions in amphibians

Burraco

Valdés

Orizaola

2019

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Climate change is causing increases in temperature and in the frequency of extreme weather events. Under this scenario, organisms should maintain or develop strategies to cope with environmental fluctuations, such as the capacity to modify growth trajectories. However, altering growth can have negative consequences for organisms’ fitness. Here, we investigated the metabolic alterations induced by compensatory growth during the larval development of the common frog (Rana temporaria), quantifying changes in oxidative stress, corticosterone levels and telomere length. We induced compensatory growth responses by exposing frog embryos to cold conditions (i.e. a ‘false spring’ scenario), which cause a delay in hatching. Once hatched, we reared larvae at two different photoperiods (24:0, representing the natural photoperiod of larvae, and 18:6) to test also for the interactive effects of light on growth responses. Larvae experiencing delayed hatching showed fast compensatory responses and reached larger size at metamorphosis. Larvae shortened their developmental period in response to delayed hatching. Non‐permanent light conditions resulted in relaxed growth compared with larvae reared under permanent light conditions, which grew at their natural photoperiod and closer to their maximal rates. Growth responses altered the redox status and corticosterone levels of larvae. These physiological changes were developmental stage‐dependent and mainly affected by photoperiod conditions. At catch‐up, larvae reared at 18:6 light:dark cycles showed higher antioxidant activities and glucocorticoid secretion. On the contrary, larvae reared at 24:0 developed at higher rates without altering their oxidative status, likely an adaptation to grow under very restricting seasonal conditions at early life. At metamorphosis, compensatory responses induced higher cellular antioxidant activities probably caused by enhanced metabolism. Telomere length remained unaltered by experimental treatments but apparently tended to elongate across larval ontogeny, which would be a first evidence of telomere lengthening across metamorphosis. Under the forecasted increase in extreme climatic events, adjusting growth and developmental rates to the dynamics of environmental fluctuations may be essential for survival, but it can carry metabolic costs and affect later performance. Understanding the implications of such costs will be essential to properly estimate the impact of climate change on wild animals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic costs of altered growth trajectories across life transitions in amphibians

Burraco

Valdés

Orizaola

2019

Journal of Animal Ecology

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“…Stored fats are vulnerable to attack by pro-oxidants when protective mechanisms increase only linearly with fat mass; therefore, a high amount of stored fat can be expected to produce a high amount of lipid oxidation products (Pérez-Rodriguez et al. 2015). Jenni-Eiermann et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We anticipated that OXY, as a measure of plasma nonenzymatic antioxidant capacity, would be particularly relevant in birds acquiring dietary antioxidants (Beaulieu and Schaefer 2014) on stopover as they consume fats; the d-ROMs test provides an index of damage to fats and has been shown recently to covary with circulating triglyceride levels (Pérez-Rodriguez et al. 2015). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrating songbirds on stopover prepare for, and recover from, oxidative challenges posed by long‐distance flight

Skrip

Bauchinger

Goymann

et al. 2015

Ecology and Evolution

108

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Managing oxidative stress is an important physiological function for all aerobic organisms, particularly during periods of prolonged high metabolic activity, such as long-distance migration across ecological barriers. However, no previous study has investigated the oxidative status of birds at different stages of migration and whether that oxidative status depends on the condition of the birds. In this study, we compared (1) energy stores and circulating oxidative status measures in (a) two species of Neotropical migrants with differing migration strategies that were sampled at an autumn stopover site before an ecological barrier; and (b) a species of trans-Saharan migrant sampled at a spring stopover site after crossing an ecological barrier; and (2) circulating oxidative measures and indicators of fat metabolism in a trans-Saharan migrant after stopovers of varying duration (0–8 nights), based on recapture records. We found fat stores to be positively correlated with circulating antioxidant capacity in Blackpoll Warblers and Red-eyed Vireos preparing for fall migration on Block Island, USA, but uncorrelated in Garden Warblers on the island of Ponza, Italy, after a spring crossing of the Sahara Desert and Mediterranean Sea. In all circumstances, fat stores were positively correlated with circulating lipid oxidation levels. Among Garden Warblers on the island of Ponza, fat anabolism increased with stopover duration while oxidative damage levels decreased. Our study provides evidence that birds build antioxidant capacity as they build fat stores at stopover sites before long flights, but does not support the idea that antioxidant stores remain elevated in birds with high fuel levels after an ecological barrier. Our results further suggest that lipid oxidation may be an inescapable hazard of using fats as the primary fuel for flight. Yet, we also show that birds on stopover are capable of recovering from the oxidative damage they have accrued during migration, as lipid oxidation levels decrease with time on stopover. Thus, the physiological strategy of migrating songbirds may be to build prophylactic antioxidant capacity in concert with fuel stores at stopover sites before a long-distance flight, and then repair oxidative damage while refueling at stopover sites after long-distance flight.

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“…Plasma levels of triglycerides and uric acid may affect MDA and TAS measurements, respectively, making advisable to statistically control for the metabolites in the analyses (Cohen, Klasing, & Ricklefs, ; Pérez‐Rodríguez et al., ). Thus, in all plasma samples, we also quantified these two blood metabolites by using methods involving uricase/peroxidase (for uric acid) and glycerol phosphate oxidase/peroxidase (for triglycerides), following commercial kits (refs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harsh conditions during early development influence telomere length in an altricial passerine: Links with oxidative stress and corticosteroids

Gil

Alfonso-Iñiguez

Pérez‐Rodríguez

et al. 2018

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Stress during early development can induce substantial long‐term effects in organisms. In the case of birds, despite growth compensations, nestlings reared under harsh conditions typically show reduced survival chances in adulthood. It has been proposed that environmental early‐life stressors could affect longevity via effects on telomere length, possibly mediated through oxidative stress. However, the link between these processes is not clear. In this study, we experimentally manipulated brood size in spotless starlings (Sturnus unicolor) to test the causal relationship between early stress, oxidative and corticosterone‐mediated stress and telomere shortening. Our results show that experimentally enlarged brood sizes led to a reduction in morphometric development on nestlings, the effect being stronger for females than males. Additionally, basal corticosterone levels increased with increasing brood size in female nestlings. Neither plasma antioxidant status nor malondialdehyde levels (a marker of lipid peroxidation) were affected by experimental brood size, although the levels of a key intracellular antioxidant (glutathione) decreased with increasing brood size. We found that the treatment showed a quadratic effect on nestling telomere lengths: these were shortened either by increases or by decreases in the original brood size. Our study provides experimental evidence for a link between developmental stress and telomere length, but does not support a direct causal link of this reduction with corticosterone or oxidative stress. We suggest that future studies should focus on how telomere length responds to additional markers of allostatic load.

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Measuring Oxidative Stress: The Confounding Effect of Lipid Concentration in Measures of Lipid Peroxidation

Cited by 84 publications

References 35 publications

Metabolic costs of altered growth trajectories across life transitions in amphibians

Metabolic costs of altered growth trajectories across life transitions in amphibians

Migrating songbirds on stopover prepare for, and recover from, oxidative challenges posed by long‐distance flight

Harsh conditions during early development influence telomere length in an altricial passerine: Links with oxidative stress and corticosteroids

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