Measuring spatiotemporal accessibility for pediatric clinical services with multimodal transport modes: an exploratory analysis in Nanjing, China

Abstract

Background: Healthcare accessibility research is developing towards a focus on multimodal transport modes (MTM) and spatiotemporal variation. Dynamic traffic conditions lead residents to make distinct traveling decisions in different timepoints, which has an impact on the spatiotemporal accessibility of healthcare. Pediatric clinic services (PCS) are one of the typical healthcare services that require a diagnosis through a professional physician clinic.Results: This paper aims to examine a methodological framework for the spatiotemporal accessibility of PCS (STA-PCS) and obtains its spatiotemporal variation characteristics. We design a spatial time impedance of multimodal transport modes (STI-MTM) model, which considers residential transport mode choices and adopt a gravity model based on web mapping data and population spatial distribution data to measure STA-PCS. We selected Nanjing, China, as the study area to estimate the STA-PCS value at four timepoints. The results indicate that the spatial aggregate of PCS is evident, and dynamic traffic factors influence the volatility of STA-PCS.Conclusions: This work holds pragmatic implications for policymakers on the STA-PCS considered travel characteristics based on georeferenced social media data.

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