Measuring water content variations in stems by Standing Wave Ratio principle

Wang, Hailan; Zhao, Yandong

doi:10.1109/icma.2010.5588432

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…The minimum points at the standing wave pattern are spaced half a wavelength apart and positioned midway between the maxima. The primary goal of the measurements described in this test method is to determine the standing wave ratio at the specimen's face, also known as the Standing Wave Ratio (SWR) (Manatrinon et al, 2016;Yan et al, 2018;Wang & Zhao, 2010). This must be accomplished indirectly by extrapolating the maximum and minimum microphone voltages measured in the tube.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential of Innovation on Rice Straw Fluff (RSF) in Roofing System

Ismail¹,

Omar²

2023

ARCEE

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The metal deck is a building material used on the roof of the house for protection. While rice straw is a plant that forms after the rice is harvested. Rice straws will usually be burned by rice farmers to produce fertile soil; however, this will encourage open burning which can destroy the sustainability of the environment which needs to be avoided. However, there are also many types of metal decks, including metal decks with Polyurethane foam (PU Foam) which are considered good sound absorbers and contain a mixture of chemicals that may be harmful. The existence of Rice Straw Fluff is expected to help those who are less able to get metal decks that are as good as metal decks with Polyurethane foam (PU Foam). Several tests were conducted to detect whether the products produced exceed the effectiveness and can work well. The first test is the Impedance Tube Method which is a method to detect and evaluate the efficient sound frequency level. By using this method, Rice Straw Fluff is tested, and the results and data taken are good and effective if used by consumers. The next test is the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Method (FTIR) which is a method to detect the chemicals contained in Rice Straw Fluff and existing products. The result of this finding clearly shows that rice straw mixed with silicone rubber is alkaline in nature which is influenced by silicone rubber. While Polyurethane foam (PU Foam) is acidic which is influenced by the chemicals mixed to produce foam. Finally, Rice Straw Fluff is an innovative product that can maintain the sustainability of the environment and can help low-income users to get a metal deck that has the same uses and benefits as existing products.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential of Innovation on Rice Straw Fluff (RSF) in Roofing System

Ismail¹,

Omar²

2023

ARCEE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Methodology: non-invasive monitoring system based on standing wave ratio for detecting water content variations in plants

et al. 2021

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Background Water content variation during plant growth is one of the most important monitoring parameters in plant studies. Conventional parameters (such as dry weight) are unreliable; thus, the development of rapid, accurate methods that will allow the monitoring of water content variation in live plants is necessary. In this study, we aimed to develop a non-invasive, radiofrequency-based monitoring system to rapidly and accurately detect water content variation in live plants. The changes in standing wave ratio (SWR) caused by the presence of stem water and magnetic particles in the stem water flow were used as the basis of plant monitoring systems. Results The SWR of a coil probe was used to develop a non-invasive monitoring system to detect water content variation in live plants. When water was added to the live experimental plants with or without illumination under drought conditions, noticeable SWR changes at various frequencies were observed. When a fixed frequency (1.611 GHz) was applied to a single experimental plant (Radermachera sinica), a more comprehensive monitoring, such as water content variation within the plant and the effect of illumination on water content, was achieved. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that the SWR of a coil probe could be used as a real-time, non-invasive, non-destructive parameter for detecting water content variation and practical vital activity in live plants. Our non-invasive monitoring method based on SWR may also be applied to various plant studies.

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Measuring water content variations in stems by Standing Wave Ratio principle

Cited by 2 publications

References 12 publications

Exploring the Potential of Innovation on Rice Straw Fluff (RSF) in Roofing System

Exploring the Potential of Innovation on Rice Straw Fluff (RSF) in Roofing System

Methodology: non-invasive monitoring system based on standing wave ratio for detecting water content variations in plants

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