Meat origin differentiation by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism

Abstract

Identification of meat and meat products is significant for economic, religious, or public health reasons. This study focused on the detection and differentiation of meat animal species. A total of sixty-four meat samples (10 samples of each like beef, buffen, chevon, and mutton; twenty-four samples of pork) were analyzed for these purposes. PCR-RFLP of 12S rRNA gene with four restriction enzymes was performed on individual meat samples as well as mixture of different meat. Species specific primers as well as sequencing of DNA were also used to detect and verify the RFLP results. PCR amplification yielded a 456bp fragments from 100% samples. AluI digested beef DNA into 359 and 97bp, chevon and mutton DNA into 246 and 210bp fragments and pork DNA into 290 and 166bp fragments. However, it cannot digest buffen DNA. On the other hand HhaI digested only buffen DNA into 247 and 209bp fragments but not others. ApoI restricts only mutton DNA and yielded 329 and 127bp fragments but not others. Nevertheless, BspTI yielded 323 and 133bp fragments only from chevon. Besides, mixed samples (1:1) of beefbuffen and chevon-mutton can be differentiated by AluI & HhaI and BspTI & ApoI, respectively. Chord analysis based on our sequence and respective sequences of studied animals from GenBank indicated that the cutting sites are conserved in these species of animals. Phylogenetically each of the species was clustered separately. This technique may be useful for meat animal species detection and differentiation either from individual meat and mixed meat samples.

Fast and User-Friendly Detection of Flatfish Species (Pleuronectes platessa and Solea solea) via Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP)

“…DNA can still be analyzed even if the product has undergone intensive processing steps and is hardly influenced by exogenous factors. In addition, DNA has a high identification power at the species and variety levels. , Mitochondrial DNA genes encoding for Cytochrome b ( cytb ) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) are considered reliable DNA barcodes for fish species identification , and hence have been used in technical standards like DIN CEN/TS 17303:2019-06 . Moreover, cytb has been reported as the preferred target in closely related species. , However, a major drawback of DNA barcoding is that it is time-consuming and expensive, limiting its suitability for routine analysis as it requires laboratory infrastructure and expert knowledge .…”

“…In addition, DNA has a high identification power at the species and variety levels. 4,5 Mitochondrial DNA genes encoding for Cytochrome b (cytb) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) are considered reliable DNA barcodes for fish species identification 6,7 and hence have been used in technical standards like DIN CEN/ TS 17303:2019-06. 8 Moreover, cytb has been reported as the preferred target in closely related species.…”