Mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber blended with waste rubber powder modified by both microwave and sol–gel method

Abstract

Waste rubber powder (WRP) was modified by microwave, sol-gel method, and both microwave and sol-gel method, respectively. The mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of natural rubber (NR)/modified WRP composite were investigated. The influence of bis-(3-(triethoxysilyl)-propyl)-tetrasulfide (TESPT) content on curing characteristics and mechanical properties of vulcanizate was also studied. The results showed that NR/WRP modified by both microwave and sol-gel method composite owned the best mechanical properties. Rubber processing analyzer was used to characterize the interaction between silica and rubber chains and the dispersion of silica. With increase of TESPT content, the Payne effect decreased. Scanning electron microscopy indicated the coherency and homogeneity of in situ generated silica filled vulcanizate. Dynamic mechanical analyzer showed that NR/WRP modified by both microwave and sol-gel method composite with 5 phr TESPT exhibited the lower tan d at temperature range of 50-80 C, compared with composite without TESPT and the higher tan d at temperature of 0 C, compared with the conventional modification of WRP.

Synthesis and characterization of high cis‐polymyrcene using neodymium‐based catalysts

“…Dynamic mechanical analysis is an important tool to evaluate materials that show both elastic and viscous behaviour, and is particularly useful for identifying the performance of elastomers, both cured and uncured compounds. Typically, dynamic mechanical analysis has been used to evaluate the effect of different charges in natural rubber viscoelastic performance, as reported in several papers in the literature . In general, the objective of adding a charge to the rubber compound is to modify the rubbery plateau observed in the storage modulus curve and to change the damping behaviour of the material, since these properties are very important in the final applications of the elastomer.…”

Microwave treatment in waste rubber recycling – recent advances and limitations

“…On the other hand, the same phenomenon was the reason of deterioration in abrasion resistance after modification of GTR particles. Luo et al [73] analyzed the influence of GTR modification method on the properties of NR/GTR composites. Authors used sol-gel method for modification of untreated GTR and GTR treated by microwave radiation.…”

Compatibilization of Polymeric Composition Filled with Ground Tire Rubber – Short Review

“…Moreover, in the published papers the information about methods of waste rubber modification is presented, e.g. by controlled oxidation [35,36], ozonation [37], chlorination [38,39], using of supercritical gases and liquids [40,41], grafting monomers and acid anhydride using gamma and UV radiation [42,43], plasma [44,45], microwave [46,47] and ultrasound [48,49] treatment of waste rubber, etc. The modification of ground tire rubber improves the mechanical properties of polymer composition, which results from an increasing interfacial bonding between separate phases.…”