Mechanical and gamma radiation shielding properties of natural rubber composites: effects of bismuth oxide (Bi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) and lead oxide (PbO)

Kalkornsuranee, Ekwipoo; Intom, Sirilak; Lehman, Nussana; Johns, Jobish; Kothan, S.; Sengloyluan, Karnda; Chaiphaksa, W.; Kaewkhao, J.

doi:10.1080/14328917.2020.1853383

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Therefore, protecting the nearby exposed people, equipment, and environment is essential to reduce the risk of radiation-related damage. For this reason, radiation protection has become a crucial subject in physics, attracting continued research [ 3 ]. The three main principles of radiation protection to control external radiation hazards are time, distance, and shielding [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Gamma-Radiation-Shielding Properties of Gypsum–Lime–Waste Marble Mortars by Incorporating Micro- and Nano-PbO Particles

et al. 2023

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In the current study, the gamma-radiation-shielding characteristics of novel gypsum–lime–waste marble-based mortars reinforced with micro-PbO and nano-PbO powders were investigated. In total, seven mortar groups, including a control mortar (named GLM), were prepared. The other groups contained10, 20, and 30 wt.% of both micro-PbO and nano-PbO as a waste marble replacement. This study aimed to explore the effect of particle size and concentrations of PbO powders on the γ-ray-shielding capability of GLM mortars. For this purpose, an HPGe detector and five standard radioactive point sources (241Am, 133Ba, 137Cs, 60Co, and 152Eu) were employed to measure different shielding parameters, including the linear attenuation coefficient (μ), mass attenuation coefficient (μm), mean free path (MFP), half-value layer (HVL), and tenth-value layer (TVL), for the prepared samples in the energy range between 59.53 keV to 1408.01 keV. On the basis of μm values, other significant shielding parameters such as effective atomic number (Zeff), effective electron density (Neff), equivalent atomic number (Zeq), and exposure buildup factor (EBF) were also computed to explore the potential usage of the proposed mortars as radiation protective materials. The results reported that the smallest HVL, TVL, and MPF, as well as the largest attenuation values, were obtained for mortars reinforced by nano-PbO compared to those containing micro-PbO. It can be concluded from the results that the mortar samples containing nano-PbO had a remarkably improved gamma-radiation-shielding ability. Thus, these mortars can be used for radiation shielding on walls in nuclear facilities to reduce the transmitted radiation dose.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Gamma-Radiation-Shielding Properties of Gypsum–Lime–Waste Marble Mortars by Incorporating Micro- and Nano-PbO Particles

et al. 2023

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“…were incorporated into rubber matrix to prepare γ-ray shielding composites with excellent performance. [11][12][13] Also, there is a weak absorption region for the atoms with high ordinal number, such as the weak absorption region of Pb in the range of 44-88 KeV. Compounds (Bi 2 WO 6 and PbWO 4 ) contain two or more high-atomic-number elements, which contain different high-atomic-number elements that complement the weak absorption region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, compounds containing elements with high atomic numbers (PbO, WO 3 , Bi 2 O 3 , etc.) were incorporated into rubber matrix to prepare γ‐ray shielding composites with excellent performance 11–13 . Also, there is a weak absorption region for the atoms with high ordinal number, such as the weak absorption region of Pb in the range of 44–88 KeV.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polydopamine‐bridged synthesis of h‐BN@PDA@PbWO₄ as multifunctional enhancers for γ‐shielding performance and thermal conductivity of neoprene composites

Zhang

Zeng

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In order to solve the problem of poor thermal conductivity of polymer-based radiation shielding composite materials, h-BN@PDA@PbWO 4 hybrid powders were prepared by combining h-BN with high thermal conductivity and PbWO 4 with γ shielding. With the assistance of polydopamine, PbWO 4 particles were synthesized in situ on the h-BN surface. The effects of h-BN@PDA@PbWO 4 on thermal conductivity, γ-ray shielding, and mechanical properties of chloroprene rubber were studied. The results showed that the hybrid particles had better dispersibility than the pure mixing of h-BN and PbWO 4 in chloroprene rubber and significantly improved the thermal conductivity gamma-ray shielding performance and mechanical properties of CR composites. When the filler content of the hybrid powder reaches 40 wt%, the thermal conductivity of the composite is about 3.16 times that of the pure CR. The γ shielding rates at 86.5 KeV and 105.3 KeV photon energies increase by 14.14% and 17.61% compared with the pure CR. Compared with pure CR, the tensile strength of the composites increased by 4.79 MPa, and the elongation at break decreased slightly. These were because h-BN@PDA@PbWO 4 shows had an excellent synergistic effect in CR substrate. The new kind of CR/h-BN@PDA@PbWO 4 composite can be used for thermal management and gamma shielding.

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“…Lead mono oxide (PbO) has received considerable research attention of all lead oxide forms as it is a semiconductor with two crystalline structures: litharge (tetragonal crystalline structure) with a bandgap of 1.9-2.2 eV and massicot (orthorhombic crystalline structure) with a bandgap of 2.7 eV [12]. Lead mono oxide has been used in many applications such as laser technology, electrocardiography, imaging devices, batteries, paints, glass industry and radiation shielding [13][14][15]. On the other hand, lead oxide nanoparticles are categorized as toxic and hazardous to humans and the environment, even though may act as effective anticancer and antimicrobial agents [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural analysis and characterization of lead oxide

Plain

Tréguer‐Delapierre

2022

ETN

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In this study, different nano sizes of lead oxide particles are prepared using high-speed planetary ball milling over a range of grinding times (15, 30, 60 and 120 minutes). The characterization of the prepared nanoparticles is carried out using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Fourier Transform-Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The XRD pattern reveals a phase transition from β-PbO to α-PbO with increasing the milling time. The PbO particles milled for 30 and 60 minutes and termed PbO(A) and PbO(B), respectively, are chosen for this research as they display less agglomeration and achieve nano sizes of 78 and 52 nm, respectively. The following stage utilizes PbO(Bulk), PbO(A) and PbO(B) as fillers and incorporates them independently into PS with a concentration of 10, 15, 25 and 35 wt % using roll mill mixing and compression molding techniques to create a novel polystyrene composite (PS/PbO). PS/PbO composites were then characterized by XRD, which shows a decrease in the phase percentage of PS to α-PbO with increasing PbO content. Extensive research of thermal characteristics employing thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) enables the evaluation of decomposition rates and activation energies. The analysis reveals that the addition of bulk and nano PbO particles shifts Tini and T50% to higher temperatures, and reduces the decomposition rate as well as the activation energy. This means that the thermal stability of PS is increased, especially using a small PbO nano size. This study emphasizes the role of particle size in enhancing the thermal properties of polystyrene, allowing it to withstand elevated temperatures in applications such as coating, insulation and radiation shielding.

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Mechanical and gamma radiation shielding properties of natural rubber composites: effects of bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) and lead oxide (PbO)

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Enhancing the Gamma-Radiation-Shielding Properties of Gypsum–Lime–Waste Marble Mortars by Incorporating Micro- and Nano-PbO Particles

Enhancing the Gamma-Radiation-Shielding Properties of Gypsum–Lime–Waste Marble Mortars by Incorporating Micro- and Nano-PbO Particles

Polydopamine‐bridged synthesis of h‐BN@PDA@PbWO₄ as multifunctional enhancers for γ‐shielding performance and thermal conductivity of neoprene composites

Structural analysis and characterization of lead oxide

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Mechanical and gamma radiation shielding properties of natural rubber composites: effects of bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) and lead oxide (PbO)

Cited by 10 publications

References 14 publications

Enhancing the Gamma-Radiation-Shielding Properties of Gypsum–Lime–Waste Marble Mortars by Incorporating Micro- and Nano-PbO Particles

Enhancing the Gamma-Radiation-Shielding Properties of Gypsum–Lime–Waste Marble Mortars by Incorporating Micro- and Nano-PbO Particles

Polydopamine‐bridged synthesis of h‐BN@PDA@PbWO4 as multifunctional enhancers for γ‐shielding performance and thermal conductivity of neoprene composites

Structural analysis and characterization of lead oxide

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Product

Resources

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Mechanical and gamma radiation shielding properties of natural rubber composites: effects of bismuth oxide (Bi₂O₃) and lead oxide (PbO)

Polydopamine‐bridged synthesis of h‐BN@PDA@PbWO₄ as multifunctional enhancers for γ‐shielding performance and thermal conductivity of neoprene composites