Highlights• Lightweight AA2099(Al-Cu-Li) exhibits a thermal stability comparable or even higher than other Al-Cu alloys specifically developed for high temperature applications.• Overaged AA2099 showed high residual hardness and tensile strength, suggesting its potential use in high temperature (yet lighter) automotive components.• STEM investigations revealed the superior thermal stability of the T1 phase (typical of AlCu-Li alloys) compared to ϑ and S.
AbstractThe thermal stability of the lightweight, T83 heat treated 2099 Al-Cu-Li alloy was assessed in the temperature range 200-305°C, through both hardness and tensile tests. After prolonged overaging, the alloy exhibited a better performance compared to aluminium alloys specifically developed for high temperature applications, with the advantage of a considerable lower density. The tensile behaviour was modelled through Hollomon's equation as a function of residual hardness. The changes in the alloy performance were explained through both SEM and STEM investigations.
2Microstructural analyses gave evidence of Ostwald ripening, while fractographic analyses revealed a transition from an intergranular to a ductile fracture mechanism in the overaged alloy. STEM investigations highlighted the superior thermal stability of the T1 phase compared to ϑ and S strengthening phases, which dissolved during overaging at 245°C. The study underlines the need to enhance the formation of T1 precipitates when high temperature strength is required. The results of the present study suggest that the 2099 alloy is a very promising candidate for automotive engine components, which are extremely demanding in terms of both thermal resistance and lightweight.
Graphical abstract KeywordsAl-Cu-Li alloy; Thermal effect; Hardness test; Tensile test; Microstructure; STEM.