Mechanical properties and production quality of hand-layup and vacuum infusion processed hybrid composite materials for GFRP marine structures

Kim, Sang-Young; Shim, Chun S.; Sturtevant, Caleb; Kim, Dave; Song, Hee Jo

doi:10.2478/ijnaoe-2013-0208

Cited by 86 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It reveals that there is a statistically significant difference in flexural strength and tensile modulus of EPSF and EPELO10SF composites. Further, in flexural strength and tensile modulus properties, the between‐group variance was higher than the within‐group variance which indicated the significant difference in the properties of specimens . Due to the nature of the hand lay‐up process and presence of voids, this statistical variance is observed in mechanical properties.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of epoxidized linseed oil and sisal fibers on structure–property relationship of epoxy biocomposite

2018

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Epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) was synthesized and characterized for use as secondary component in bio‐based epoxy copolymer cured with bio‐renewable phenalkamine. Environment friendly biocomposites were developed using unidirectional sisal fibers as reinforcement in epoxy and epoxy‐ELO co‐polymer as matrices. Unidirectional sisal fibers in mat form were incorporated at [0/0] orientation within ELO‐modified epoxy in different composition (10, 20, and 30 phr of ELO) to ensure a proper balance between stiffness and toughness. Tensile, impact and flexural strength of the bio‐based epoxy composites improved significantly for 20, 30, and 10 phr of ELO respectively as compared with unmodified counterpart. The thermomechanical analysis of the biocomposites reveals improved storage modulus and damping on addition of about 10 and 20 phr of ELO bio‐resin. The morphological study shows good interfacial adhesion of matrix and fibers in bio‐based epoxy composite while a poor interface is observed in unmodified epoxy composite. This work paves the way for design and development of sustainable biocomposites of higher bio‐source content (up to 69%) for energy absorbing high strength demanding applications. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:E2595–E2605, 2018. © 2018 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of epoxidized linseed oil and sisal fibers on structure–property relationship of epoxy biocomposite

2018

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“…Kim et al. 6 showed that vacuum infusion-processed glass fiber-reinforced plastics have higher average ultimate strength and modulus than the same materials processed by hand layup, in both tension and compression tests. They attributed this improvement to the higher fiber volume fraction of the vacuum infusion processed samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

External compaction pressure over vacuum-bagged composite parts: Effect on the quality of flax fiber/epoxy laminates

Francucci

Palmer

Hall

2017

Journal of Composite Materials

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Vacuum bagging allows the removal of trapped air between fabrics layers, extraction of moisture and volatiles, and optimization of the fiber-to-resin ratio. However, during vacuum bagging the compaction pressure is limited to atmospheric pressure, preventing the composite reaching higher fiber volumetric contents and also allows surface porosity to arise, affecting the esthetical appearance of the composite and also its mechanical performance. While the autoclave process has shown to solve these problems, the cost of the equipment is too high for many applications. In the present work, a series of experiments are carried out by compressing unidirectional flax/epoxy vacuum-bagged laminates in a hydraulic press at different pressures. The quality of the laminates is analyzed in terms of surface finish, internal void content, and mechanical properties. The additional compaction from hydraulic pressure is shown to be very effective in improving considerably the overall quality of the composites.

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“…Manufacturing imperfections, like air inclusions, de-cohesions and fiber misalignment, and chemical features, i.e., the influence of ambient and laminate temperature while curing and humidity, may seriously affect the composite strength as well as its failure modes. This aspect is widely covered in literature and confirmed in recent works by Godani et al (2014) and Kim et al (2014), who investigated the mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of the GFRP composite materials including the hand lay-up processed, the vacuum infusion processed and the hybrid GFRP composites, particularly focusing on interlaminar strength and buckling induced delaminations. Kalantari et al (2017) studied the effects of three sources of uncertainties, namely, existence of matrix voids, fiber misalignment and thickness variation, on optimal and robust designs, with the main focus being the influence of matrix voids.…”

Section: Mechanical Aspects and Current Design Practicementioning

confidence: 63%

Recent Industrial Developments of Marine Composites Limit States and Design Approaches on Strength

Barsotti

Gaiotti

Rizzo

2020

J. Marine. Sci. Appl.

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To further exploit the potential of marine composites applications in building ship hulls, offshore structures, and marine equipment and components, design approaches should be improved, facing the challenge of a more comprehensive and explicit assessment of appropriately defined limit states. The structure ultimate/limit conditions shall be verified in principle within the whole structural domain and throughout the ship service life. What above calls for extended and reliable materials characterization on the one hand and for accurate and wide-ranging procedures in structural analyses. This paper presents an overview of recent industrial developments of marine composites limit states assessments and design approaches, as available in open literature, focusing on pleasure crafts and yachts as well as navy ships and thus showing a starting point to fill the gap in this respect. After a general introduction about composites characterization techniques, current design practice and rule requirements are briefly summarized. Both inter-ply and intra-ply failure modes and corresponding limit states are then presented along with recently proposed assessment approaches. Three-dimensional aspects in failure modes and manufacturing methods have been identified as the main factors influencing marine composite robustness. Literature review highlighted also fire resistance and hybrid joining techniques as significant issues in the use of marine composites.

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Mechanical properties and production quality of hand-layup and vacuum infusion processed hybrid composite materials for GFRP marine structures

Cited by 86 publications

References 13 publications

Influence of epoxidized linseed oil and sisal fibers on structure–property relationship of epoxy biocomposite

Influence of epoxidized linseed oil and sisal fibers on structure–property relationship of epoxy biocomposite

External compaction pressure over vacuum-bagged composite parts: Effect on the quality of flax fiber/epoxy laminates

Recent Industrial Developments of Marine Composites Limit States and Design Approaches on Strength

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