Mechanical properties of the solid electrolyte Al-substituted Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) by utilizing micro-pillar indentation splitting test

Wang, Anni; Nonemacher, Juliane Franciele; Yan, Gang; Finsterbusch, Martin; Malzbender, Jürgen; Krüger, Manja

doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2018.02.032

Cited by 68 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Active fillers refer to the ceramic fillers which contain Li + in their bodies, such as Li 3 N [ 62 , 63 ], LiAlO 2 [ 64 , 65 ], Li 1+x Al x Ge 2-x (PO 4 ) 3 (LAGP) [ 66 ], Li 1+x Al x Ti 2-x (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP) [ 67 , 68 ] , Li 3x La 2/3−x TiO 3 (LLTO) [ 69 ], Li 7 La 3 Zr 2 O 12 (LLZO) [ 70 – 72 ], etc. These ceramic materials own high conductivity, good chemical stability, wide electrochemical window and can directly participate into the Li + transport process.…”

Section: Ceramic Fillersmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEO based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolytes: a review

et al. 2021

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Compared with traditional lead-acid batteries, nickel–cadmium batteries and nickel-hydrogen batteries, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are much more environmentally friendly and much higher energy density. Besides, LIBs own the characteristics of no memory effect, high charging and discharging rate, long cycle life and high energy conversion rate. Therefore, LIBs have been widely considered as the most promising power source for mobile devices. Commonly used LIBs contain carbonate based liquid electrolytes. Such electrolytes own high ionic conductivity and excellent wetting ability. However, the use of highly flammable and volatile organic solvents in them may lead to problems like leakage, thermo runaway and parasitic interface reactions, which limit their application. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) can solve these problems, while they also bring new challenges such as poor interfacial contact with electrodes and low ionic conductivity at room temperature. Many approaches have been tried to solve these problems. This article is divided into three parts to introduce polyethylene oxide (PEO) based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolyte, which is one of the most efficient way to improve the performance of SPEs. The first part focuses on polymer-lithium salt (LiX) matrices, including their ionic conduction mechanism and impact factors for their ionic conductivity. In the second part, the influence of both active and passive ceramic fillers on SPEs are reviewed. In the third part, composite SPEs’ preparation methods, including solvent casting and thermocompression, are introduced and compared. Finally, we propose five key points on how to make composite SPEs with high ionic conductivity for reference.

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Section: Ceramic Fillersmentioning

confidence: 99%

PEO based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolytes: a review

et al. 2021

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“…Due to the key importance, the mechanical properties of Li 3 x La 2/3‐ x V 1/3‐2 x TiO 3 electrolytes have recently received increasing attentions . However, the electrochemical and mechanical properties have been investigated mostly on as‐prepared samples . Whereas, one side of the solid electrolyte is in contact with the cathode and the other side is in contact with the anode in a battery, suggesting that the solid electrolyte is working under a voltage gradient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical and mechanical stability of Li_xLa_0.557TiO_3‐δ perovskite electrolyte at various voltages

Yan

Cheng

et al. 2018

J Am Ceram Soc

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Perovskite LixLa0.557TiO3 electrolytes in all‐solid‐state lithium batteries are operated under a voltage gradient, which potentially induces the electrochemical and mechanical instability. To simulate the properties of LixLa0.557TiO3 (LLTO) under application relevant conditions, samples are charged (or discharged) to 0.2 V, 3.2 V, 4.0 V, and 4.5 V, respectively. The Li ion conductivity is 9.55 × 10−5 S/cm at 3.2 V and decreases obviously to 2.54 × 10−5 S/cm as the voltage increases to 4.5 V, whereas the value of the LLTO‐0.2 V is between that of LLTO‐3.2 V and LLTO‐4.0 V. In terms of mechanical behavior, elastic modulus (E), hardness (H), and fracture toughness (KIC) of LLTO operated at different voltages are also tested using depth‐sensitive indentation. The results can be used in the designing, monitoring and also improving of the battery cells.

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“…According to Pugh's ratio (1.75 and 1.59 for Al-doped and Ta-doped LLZO, respectively), [137] LLZO is an intrinsically brittle material, as also manifested by its low fracture toughness of 0.99 MPa m 1/2 . [181,137] For context, the typical fracture toughness of brittle soda glass is 0.7 MPa m 1/2 , and that of ductile pure aluminum is 100-350 MPa m 1/2 . [277] The Young's and shear moduli have been found to be closely related to dendrite penetration in LLZO, where a decrease in stiffness is consistent with crack propagation.…”

Section: Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Solid‐State Li–Metal Batteries: Challenges and Horizons of Oxide and Sulfide Solid Electrolytes and Their Interfaces

Kim

Balaish

Wadaguchi

et al. 2020

Advanced Energy Materials

447

355

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lightweight, and compact and allow for versatile device geometries. They must also be scalable and offer high energy density to provide improved packing efficiency and longer device operation. Although both Ni-MH batteries and LIBs have been commercialized since the 1990s, [1] LIBs possess twice the gravimetric/volumetric energy density (250 Wh kg −1 /700 Wh L −1 vs 170 Wh kg −1 /350 Wh L −1 ), [2] higher battery voltage (3.7 V vs 1.2 V), and longer cycle life with lower self-discharge, [3] contributing tremendously to the proliferation of portable electronic devices (e.g., mobile phones, laptops, cameras, tablets) as well as emerging new technologies such as wearable electronic devices (e.g., smart watches and sport-related tracking devices). Their high gravimetric/ volumetric energy density, [2] excellent cycle life (thousands of cycles), and lack of the memory effect have positioned LIBs as state-of-the-art power sources and one of the greatest successes of modern electrochemistry, revolutionizing the way we acquire, process, transmit, and share information globally. Nevertheless, advances in battery energy density, safety, costs, and flexibility in shape and size are still needed to keep up with the rapidly growing demand for devices with even longer runtime as well as real-time data collection and transmission capabilities in addition to increasingly energy-demanding applications such as electric vehicles (EVs) and electricity grid storage. Even though LIBs were first commercialized in all electric vehicles (EVs) in 2010 and also emerged for grid application in the same time frame, the low energy density (≈250 Wh kg −1 ) and high average cost (≈$156 kWh −1 in 2019) of conventional LIBs do not meet the requirements for advanced EVs and grid-scale energy storage. [4][5][6] Specifically, the driving range per charge (miles), which is related to the energy density of each cell, and the cost are important parameters for EVs. For example, one 85 kWh battery pack in a Tesla Model S requires 7104 LIB cells, with an energy density of 265 Wh kg −1 , providing an average range of 250 miles, which is ahead of the range of other EVs but still behind the target of 375 miles. [4] In grid-scale applications, LIBs can be used for various tasks: frequency regulation, peak shaving, load leveling, and large-scale integration of renewable energies, with specific properties generally required for each task. For frequency regulation, LIBs need to provide a fast response, high rate performance, and high-power capability,The introduction of new, safe, and reliable solid-electrolyte chemistries and technologies can potentially overcome the challenges facing their liquid counterparts while widening the breadth of possible applications. Through tech-historic evolution and rationally analyzing the transition from liquidbased Li-ion batteries (LIBs) to all-solid-state Li-metal batteries (ASSLBs), a roadmap for the development of a successful oxide and sulfide-based ASSLB focusing on interfacial challenges is introduced, while accounting ...

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Mechanical properties of the solid electrolyte Al-substituted Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) by utilizing micro-pillar indentation splitting test

Cited by 68 publications

References 57 publications

PEO based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolytes: a review

PEO based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolytes: a review

Electrochemical and mechanical stability of Li_xLa_0.557TiO_3‐δ perovskite electrolyte at various voltages

Solid‐State Li–Metal Batteries: Challenges and Horizons of Oxide and Sulfide Solid Electrolytes and Their Interfaces

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Mechanical properties of the solid electrolyte Al-substituted Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) by utilizing micro-pillar indentation splitting test

Cited by 68 publications

References 57 publications

PEO based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolytes: a review

PEO based polymer-ceramic hybrid solid electrolytes: a review

Electrochemical and mechanical stability of LixLa0.557TiO3‐δ perovskite electrolyte at various voltages

Solid‐State Li–Metal Batteries: Challenges and Horizons of Oxide and Sulfide Solid Electrolytes and Their Interfaces

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Electrochemical and mechanical stability of Li_xLa_0.557TiO_3‐δ perovskite electrolyte at various voltages