Mechanical stress grading of tropical timbers without regard to species

Firmanti, Anita; Bachtiar, Efendi Tri; Surjokusumo, Surjono; Komatsu, Kenshi; Kawai, Shinya

doi:10.1007/s10086-004-0661-z

Cited by 21 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The ratio of the ultimate compressive stress to the modulus of elasticity ( u/E) is inherent of the material and is also assumed to be constant, which was also reported for Bambusa bamboos [16]. The u/E value of the material is constant because the modulus of elasticity (E) is significantly correlated with ultimate compressive strength ( u) (e.g.,: Bambusa bamboos [16], Eucalyptus wood [17], tropical timber [18], sprayed concrete [19], and high strength concrete [20]). Since the Rankine's constant is a constant value, Equation 21 is a suitable model for non-linear regression analysis to fit the cubic Rankine -Gordon's buckling formula.…”

Section: Continuous Buckling Reduction Factor Formula 2221cubic Ranki...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental study on buckling resistance of Guadua angustifolia bamboo column

Bahtiar

Malkowska

Trujillo

et al. 2021

Engineering Structures

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Section: Continuous Buckling Reduction Factor Formula 2221cubic Ranki...mentioning

confidence: 95%

Experimental study on buckling resistance of Guadua angustifolia bamboo column

Bahtiar

Malkowska

Trujillo

et al. 2021

Engineering Structures

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“…Distribusi Weibull mendominasi hasil penelitian sehingga dipilih sebagai distribusi yang paling pas dengan nilai eror yang sedikit terhadap nilai E dan SR. Analisis Weibull diperlukan untuk meminimalisir nilai eror yang dihasilkan [40]. ASTM D5457 memilih distribusi Weibull sedangkan standar Eropa memilih distribusi lognormal untuk menentukan kekuatan karakteristik kayu [41].…”

Section: Lentur Contoh Kecil Bebas Cacatunclassified

Faktor Stabilitas Balok Kayu pada Konfigurasi Pembebanan Terpusat

Hayatunnufus¹,

Nugroho²,

Bahtiar³

2022

J-Sil

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The use of wood as a building material must be designed quite rigid and strong. According to SNI 7973:2013, the corrected design value on the wooden structure components must be in accordance with the condition of wood to be used. The objective of this study is to determine the value of timber beams stability (CL) both of softwood and hardwood based on SNI 7973:2013 for construction purposes. The material in this research to be used are pine (Pinus merkusii), agathis (Agathis dammara), mahagony (Swietenia macrophylla), and red meranti (Shorea leprosula). Testing of physical properties include moisture content, specific gravity, and density, meanwhile testing of mechanical properties include flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and ductility. Mechanical testing is carried out on a small clear specimens and full-size specimens, while the physical properties are tested only on a small clear specimens. The full-size specimens are visually sorted and the strength ratio (S) is determined prior to mechanical testing. The result of this study showed that the highest strength ratio was in meranti 55.85%, agathis 52.98%, pine 46.76%, and mahogany 46.60%. Softwood has a lower S value to more knot defects than hardwood. The slenderness ratios of agathis, pine, mahogany, and meranti wood respectively are 7.48, 7.45, 7.40 and 7.66 so that all specimens are referred to as short beams. The value of beam stability (CL) is close to 1 that indicates that the beams are stable and does not twist.

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“…Additionally, Firmanti et al (2005) and França et al (2021) stated that the strength and stiffness of wood are primarily determined by specific gravity, fiber and tissue characteristics, and defects or flaws of wood, e.g., density, knots (number, size, and position of knots on the board), slope of the grain, and interlocked grain. Moreover, there can be great differences between different tree species or even among the same tree species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the strength properties of timber are mostly linearly proportional to the modulus of elasticity (MOE). Thus, NDT is used for determining the MOE value of timber as the basis for estimating its strength properties (Firmanti et al 2005;Ross 2015). Generally, in addition to the measurement and classification of the actual MOE value of wood materials using a universal strength testing machine, ultrasonic wave and tap-tone sound measuring methods are also used to analyze the dynamic moduli of elasticity (DMOE) of wood materials (Wang et al 2008;Kovryga et al 2019;.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the strength characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata timber using continuous mechanical stress rating equipment

Lee

Lin

Chung

et al. 2022

BioRes

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Before timber is used for engineering and structural purposes, it is necessary to grade the strength of the timber. In order to obtain the static modulus of elasticity value of timber quickly and accurately, this study used ultrasonic waves and continuous mechanical stress rating equipment and two non-destructive test methods to analyze the correlation between the non-destructive test measured value and the static modulus of elasticity value. It also evaluated the influence of the feeding orientation of the boards, the forward and reverse feed directions, feeding speed, and break area ratio. The analysis results indicated that the modulus of elasticity value determined through continuous mechanical stress rating equipment had the highest correlation with the static modulus of elasticity value. Moreover, according to the results, the feeding orientation of the boards, the forward and reverse feed directions, and the feeding speed did not influence the prediction of the continuous mechanical stress rating equipment modulus of elasticity value. Meanwhile, to ensure the accuracy and uniformity of the continuous mechanical stress rating equipment modulus of elasticity detection value, it is necessary to avoid an excessively high break area ratio in Cunninghamia lanceolata timber during the preparation process.

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Mechanical stress grading of tropical timbers without regard to species

Cited by 21 publications

References 1 publication

Experimental study on buckling resistance of Guadua angustifolia bamboo column

Experimental study on buckling resistance of Guadua angustifolia bamboo column

Faktor Stabilitas Balok Kayu pada Konfigurasi Pembebanan Terpusat

Evaluation of the strength characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata timber using continuous mechanical stress rating equipment

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