Mechanisms Associated with Protective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extracton in Rat Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

Song, Wei; Zhao, Jun; Yan, Xu-Sheng; Fang, Xin; Huo, Dong-Sheng; Wang, He; Jia, Jianxin; Yang, Zhenhua

doi:10.1080/15287394.2019.1686215

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Brain ischemia is caused by blood vessel obstruction (insufficiency) and brain damage is caused by vascular occlusion (3). The greater the decrease in cerebral blood flow, the more severe the brain damage (4). The pathophysiological mechanisms are complex and include inflammation, apoptosis, excitotoxicity and periinfarct depolarization (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of andrographolide against cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury in mice

Xiang

Miao

et al. 2021

Int J Mol Med

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Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of mortality worldwide and is a primary cause of disability and mortality in adults. There is an unmet need for drugs that can effectively treat ischemic stroke. Hence, the present study explored the neuroprotective effects of andrographolide (Andro) in a mouse model of bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, and systematically evaluated the potential mechanisms underlying its effects. The effects of Andro on mouse brain tissue following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (cIRI) were evaluated by histopathological (H&E and Nissl) and immunofluorescence [glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN)] staining. A traditional chinese medicine-based network pharmacology method was performed to establish and analyze compound-target-disease and function-pathway networks in order to elucidate the possible mechanisms responsible for the protective role of Andrographis paniculata in CIRI. In addition, western blot analysis and RT-qPCR was performed to evaluate the expression and activation of signaling proteins predicted to be involved in this mechanism. The amelioration of histopathological alterations was observed in mice pre-treated with Andro. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that Andro decreased the expression of GFAP and increased the expression of NeuN, and significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α). Network pharmacology analysis revealed that neuroinflammatory response and apoptosis were associated with the effects of Andrographis paniculata on cIRI. Western blot analysis revealed that the mice pre-treated with Andro exhibited an upregulated protein expression of tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB), p-PI3K and p-Akt, as well as a decrease in the expression of GFAP and an increase in the expression of NeuN. In addition, the data of RT-qPCR indicated that the mice pre-treated with Andro exhibited a significantly decreased expression of encoding IL-1β mRNA, IL-6 mRNA and TNF-α mRNA in the brain compared to the untreated mice following CIRI. On the whole, the findings of the present study suggest that pre-treatment with Andro exerts a protective effect against cIRI, which may be partly related to its potential to reduce neuroinflammatory response and apoptosis in patients with stroke.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effects of andrographolide against cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury in mice

Xiang

Miao

et al. 2021

Int J Mol Med

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“…The main components of the leaves of G. biloba are flavonoids, constituting the largest group of active compounds represented by various classes of benzo- γ -pyrone derivatives ( Song et al, 2019 ). This group includes mainly biflavones: ginkgetin, isoginkgetin, bilobetin, scjadopitizuna, amentoflavone, and the following flavonols: kaempferol, quercetin, isorhamnetin, rutin, myricetin ( Van Beek, 2002 ; Cefali et al, 2019 ), flavones: luteoin, apigenin and their glycosides and flavanonols ( Singh et al, 2008 ; Kobus et al, 2009 ; Ren et al, 2019 ; Chen et al, 2019a ).…”

Section: The Use Of G Biloba In the Treatment And Prevention Of Admentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Ginkgo Biloba L. as a Neuroprotective Agent in the Alzheimer’s Disease

et al. 2021

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Alzheimer’s disease, a neurodegenerative disease, is one of the most common causes of dementia if elderly people worldwide. Alzheimer’s disease leads to the alienation of individuals and their exclusion from social and professional life. It is characterized mainly by the degradation of memory and disorientation, which occurs as a result of the loss of neuronal structure and function in different brain areas. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to use in the treatment of natural bioactive compounds that will be effective in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease. G. biloba L. and its most frequently used standardized extract (EGb 761), have been used for many years in supportive therapy and in the prevention of cognitive disorders. The paper presents an overview of reports on the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease, as well as a summary of the properties of G. biloba extract and its effects on the possible pathogenesis of the disease. By exploring more about the pathogenesis of the disease and the benefits of G. biloba extract for patients with Alzheimer’s disease, it will be possible to create an individualized therapeutic protocol to optimize the treatment.

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“…At the same time, it can relieve brain edema, form certain antagonistic effects on platelet activation factor, and significantly enhance the learning and memory ability of patients. Ligustrazine plays a role in dilating blood vessels, blocking platelet aggregation, reducing platelet activity, reducing the levels of inflammatory factors such as hs-CRP and TNF-α, and achieving the effect of microcirculation optimization (25)(26)(27)(28).…”

Section: Comparison Of Levels Of Inflammatory Cytokines and Oxidative Stress Response Indicators Between The Two Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Floium ginkgo extract and tertram ethypyrazine sodium chloride injection on expression of inflammatory cytokines and cerebral infarction

Zhang¹,

Yuan²,

Liu³

et al. 2020

Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)

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This experiment was carried out to observe and analyze the effect of floium ginkgo extract and tertram ethypyrazine sodium chloride injection in patients with cerebral infarction. A total of 200 patients diagnosed with cerebral infarction were enrolled in the study. They were randomly divided into a research group and control group, each containing 100 patients. The control group was given routine treatment measures while the research group was given floium ginkgo extract and tertram ethypyrazine sodium chloride injection on the basis of routine treatment. The therapeutic effects of the two groups were observed and compared. After implementing different treatment schemes, the levels of MMP-9, SOD, CBV and CBF in the research group were significantly higher than those in the control group, p<0.05. The research group was lower in hs-CRP, MDA, MTT, TTP and TNF-α as compared with the control group, p<0.05. In terms of the quality of life of the two groups after six months of treatment, the scores of various indicators in the research group were all significantly superior, p<0.05. Conclusion: The treatment of cerebral infarction patients with floium ginkgo extract and tertram ethypyrazine sodium chloride injection can significantly improve the therapeutic effect, which is a relatively ideal treatment.

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Mechanisms Associated with Protective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Leaf Extracton in Rat Cerebral Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

Protective effects of andrographolide against cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury in mice

Protective effects of andrographolide against cerebral ischemia‑reperfusion injury in mice

The Use of Ginkgo Biloba L. as a Neuroprotective Agent in the Alzheimer’s Disease

Effects of Floium ginkgo extract and tertram ethypyrazine sodium chloride injection on expression of inflammatory cytokines and cerebral infarction

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