Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex Gray Matter Is Reduced in Abstinent Substance-Dependent Individuals

Tanabe, Jody; Tregellas, Jason R.; Dalwani, Manish; Thompson, Laetitia L.; Owens, Elizabeth B.; Crowley, Thomas J.; Banich, Marie T.

doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.07.030

Cited by 217 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Por otra parte, sabemos que esta impulsividad, sobrevenida tras la fase de consumo, ya sea por efecto directo de la sustancia o mediada por otros factores, como el estrés (Perry y Carroll, 2008), es en buena parte reversible (Forcada, Pardo y Bondía, 2006;Bankston et al, 2009) y se corresponde con una mejoría gradual en el funcionamiento cognitivo en función del tiempo de abstinencia, del tipo de droga consumida (Selby y Azrin, 1998) y de los problemas psicosociales concurrentes (Bates, Voelbel, Buckman, Labouvie y Barry, 2005), a pesar de que la persistencia de las neuroadaptaciones provocadas por la administración repetida de drogas puede prolongarse en el tiempo, específicamente la del cortex órbito-frontal, encargado del control de las conductas tex órbito-frontal, encargado del control de las conductas tex impulsivas (Tanabe et al, 2008). Por su parte, la IF parece corresponderse con una disposición más estable de funcionamiento frontal, caracterizado por una mayor velocidad de procesamiento de estímulos relevantes en el contexto de un comportamiento orientado a metas, y correlaciona significativamente con rasgos como la Excitabilidad Exploratoria, relacionada con curiosidad, tendencia a escanear el ambiente en busca de estímulos novedosos, rapidez y flexibilidad de procesamiento cognitivo ; Pedrero Pérez y Rojo Mota, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Caracterización neuropsicológica de la impulsividad funcional y disfuncional en adictos a sustancias: implicaciones clínicas

Pérez¹,

León

Mota

et al. 2012

Adicciones

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Impulsivity is a stable correlate throughout the course of drug addiction.However, it has always been studied as a negative condition, linked to psychopathology. Dickman (1990) proposed two subdimensions of impulsivity, dysfunctional (DI) and functional (FI). He defines the latter as the tendency for rapid, goal-oriented decision-making characterized by well calculated risks. Only a few studies have attempted to differentiate between these two subdimensions using classical neuropsychological tests. Fifty two drug addicts in treatment were tested using Dickman's Impulsivity Inventory and a battery of classical neuropsychological tests. FI shows moderate to high correlations with many classical neuropsychological test scores in relation to enhanced executive functioning, whereas DI reveals surprisingly weak and scarce correlations with indicators of impaired executive functioning. DI appears to be a trait related to some difficulties in classical neuropsychological tests, while FI emerges as a consistent and much stronger predictor of higher attention capacity, lower distractibility, better precision, fewer errors, and better maintenance of goal-oriented strategies. Thus, functional impulsivity is related to positive conditions and more efficient cognitive functioning.Implications for the treatment of drug addictions are suggested. La impulsividad es una de las variables más consistentemente vinculadas a las distintas fases del proceso adictivo. Sin embargo, casi siempre se ha estudiado como una condición negativa, vinculada a psicopatología. Dickman (1990) propuso dos tipos de impulsividad, una disfuncional (ID) y otra funcional (IF). A ésta última la definió como la tendencia a tomar decisiones rápidas, orientadas a metas, mediante un proceso de toma de decisiones con riesgo calculado. Pocos estudios han abordado la caracterización neuropsicológica de ambas variantes, relacionándolas con el rendimiento en pruebas clásicas. Una muestra de 52 sujetos adictos en tratamiento cumplimentó el Dickman Impulsivity Inventory y una batería de pruebas neuropsicológicas clásicas. Se observaron correlaciones de débiles a moderadas entre la IF e indicadores de éxito en las tareas neuropsicológicas, mientras que la ID mostró una relación difusa y débiles correlaciones con indicadores de mal rendimiento en todas las tareas. La ID se mostró como una disposición que dificulta la realización de las tareas de forma global, sin interferencia específica, en tanto que la IF se relacionó consistentemente con mayor precisión, menor número de errores y mejor mantenimiento de los planes, y ello a partir de una mejor gestión atencional y una mayor resistencia al ruido. Se sugieren las implicaciones de cara a los tratamientos de las adicciones.Palabras clave: Impulsividad funcional, impulsividad disfuncional, evaluación neuropsicológica, adicción, tratamiento, atención, funciones ejecutivas.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Caracterización neuropsicológica de la impulsividad funcional y disfuncional en adictos a sustancias: implicaciones clínicas

Pérez¹,

León

Mota

et al. 2012

Adicciones

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show abstract

“…A recent meta‐analysis of 9 studies and 296 alcohol dependent individuals found significantly reduced prefrontal gray matter (GM) volumes, including anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) [Xiao et al, 2015], with frontal cortical GM volume being negatively associated with lifetime alcohol use [Taki et al, 2006]. Prefrontal GM volumes were similarly reduced in cocaine dependent individuals, including in orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) [Rando et al, 2013; Tanabe et al, 2009], anterior prefrontal cortex [Rando et al, 2013] and ACC [Connolly et al, 2013], the latter associated with years of drug use [Connolly et al, 2013]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Compulsive sexual behavior: Prefrontal and limbic volume and interactions

Schmidt

Morris

Kvamme

et al. 2016

Human Brain Mapping

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BackgroundCompulsive sexual behaviors (CSB) are relatively common and associated with significant personal and social dysfunction. The underlying neurobiology is still poorly understood. The present study examines brain volumes and resting state functional connectivity in CSB compared with matched healthy volunteers (HV).MethodsStructural MRI (MPRAGE) data were collected in 92 subjects (23 CSB males and 69 age‐matched male HV) and analyzed using voxel‐based morphometry. Resting state functional MRI data using multi‐echo planar sequence and independent components analysis (ME‐ICA) were collected in 68 subjects (23 CSB subjects and 45 age‐matched HV).ResultsCSB subjects showed greater left amygdala gray matter volumes (small volume corrected, Bonferroni adjusted P < 0.01) and reduced resting state functional connectivity between the left amygdala seed and bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (whole brain, cluster corrected FWE P < 0.05) compared with HV.ConclusionsCSB is associated with elevated volumes in limbic regions relevant to motivational salience and emotion processing, and impaired functional connectivity between prefrontal control regulatory and limbic regions. Future studies should aim to assess longitudinal measures to investigate whether these findings are risk factors that predate the onset of the behaviors or are consequences of the behaviors. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1182–1190, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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“…Specifically, damage to the orbitofrontal-subcortical circuit disrupts behavioral inhibition (Cummings, 1995) and lesions to lateral and ventral OFC, but not the mPFC, disrupt reversal learning (Bissonette et al, 2008). Human alcoholics often display symptoms similar to patients with OFC damage, including deficits in behavioral inhibition (Verdejo-Garcia et al, 2006) and measures of impulsivity/perseveration (Hill et al, 2009;Tanabe et al, 2009). Chronic alcohol exposure has also been shown to disrupt behavioral flexibility in experimental models of alcohol dependence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethanol Reduces Neuronal Excitability of Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Neurons Via a Glycine Receptor Dependent Mechanism

Badanich

Mulholland

Beckley

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Trauma-induced damage to the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) often results in behavioral inflexibility and impaired judgment. Human alcoholics exhibit similar cognitive deficits suggesting that OFC neurons are susceptible to alcohol-induced dysfunction. A previous study from this laboratory examined OFC mediated cognitive behaviors in mice and showed that behavioral flexibility during a reversal learning discrimination task was reduced in alcohol-dependent mice. Despite these intriguing findings, the actions of alcohol on OFC neuron function are unknown. To address this issue, slices containing the lateral OFC (lOFC) were prepared from adult C57BL/6J mice and whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology was used to characterize the effects of ethanol (EtOH) on neuronal function. EtOH (66 mM) had no effect on AMPA-mediated EPSCs but decreased those mediated by NMDA receptors. EtOH (11-66 mM) also decreased current-evoked spike firing and this was accompanied by a decrease in input resistance and a modest hyperpolarization. EtOH inhibition of spike firing was prevented by the GABA A antagonist picrotoxin, but EtOH had no effect on evoked or spontaneous GABA IPSCs. EtOH increased the holding current of voltage-clamped neurons and this action was blocked by picrotoxin but not the more selective GABA A antagonist biccuculine. The glycine receptor antagonist strychnine also prevented EtOH's effect on holding current and spike firing, and western blotting revealed the presence of glycine receptors in lOFC. Overall, these results suggest that acutely, EtOH may reduce lOFC function via a glycine receptor dependent process and this may trigger neuroadaptive mechanisms that contribute to the impairment of OFC-dependent behaviors in alcohol-dependent subjects.

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Medial Orbitofrontal Cortex Gray Matter Is Reduced in Abstinent Substance-Dependent Individuals

Cited by 217 publications

References 39 publications

Caracterización neuropsicológica de la impulsividad funcional y disfuncional en adictos a sustancias: implicaciones clínicas

Caracterización neuropsicológica de la impulsividad funcional y disfuncional en adictos a sustancias: implicaciones clínicas

Compulsive sexual behavior: Prefrontal and limbic volume and interactions

Ethanol Reduces Neuronal Excitability of Lateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Neurons Via a Glycine Receptor Dependent Mechanism

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