Medical and neurocognitive late effects among survivors of childhood central nervous system tumors

Abstract

The overall 5‐year survival probability for children with central nervous system (CNS) tumors is approximately 67%. Pediatric patients generally have a better prognosis than adults with CNS tumors, although the morbidity from these tumors and their treatment can be very substantial. As more children with CNS tumors survive and require treatment in primary care settings, it is increasingly important for health care providers to anticipate and recognize long‐term medical and neurocognitive complications. The purpose of this article is to provide a concise review of the long‐term effects of pediatric CNS tumors and their treatment.

White and Gray Matter Abnormalities After Cranial Radiation in Children and Mice

“…Cranial radiation therapy (CRT) is an integral component of treatments for brain tumors and some high-risk forms of leukemia but is directly associated with late effects (1)(2)(3), which manifest years after treatment as cognitive, endocrine, or other dysfunctions (4,5). Increased radiation dose is a significant risk factor for decreased intelligence quotient (IQ), reduced academic performance, and impairments in measurements of processing speed, memory, and executive function (6)(7)(8)(9).…”

Çocukluk Çağı Kanserleri ve Yaşam Kalitesi

“…Literatüre bakıldığında farklı tümörlerin yaşam kalitesine olan etkilerini araştıran birçok çalışma olduğu görülmektedir [34][35][36][82][83][84] . Aynı ölçeğin kullanıldığı ve 86 hastanın dahil edildiği benzer bir çalışmada beyin tümörlü çocuklarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı şekilde düşük sağlık ilişkili yaşam kalitesi puanları elde edildiği bildirilmiştir 34 .…”

Factors affecting the final adult height in survivors of childhood brain tumors

“…최근 5년 생존율이 70% 정도까지 높아짐에 따라 뇌종양 환자들의 삶의 질을 높이는데 관심이 높아지고 있는데 1) , 완치된 소아 악성 뇌종양 환자의 43%에서 내분비적 문제가 발생 하며 2) , 시상하부-뇌하수체축(hypothalamic-pituitary axis, HPA)과 관련이 없는 종양이라 할지라도 두개 방사선치료를 받은 경우 86%에서 성장호르몬 결핍증이 생긴다 3) . 또한 저신장 4) , 신경 -인지기능의 이상 5) , 심혈관계 이상 The group contains a thalamic and a hytothalamic tumors which were not proven by biopsy, but responded to radiotherapy. ☨ Radiation dose is the sum of cranial irradiation, HPA and posterior fossa boost.…”