Medical Practice Variations in Elective Surgery

Bernal‐Delgado, Enrique; Ridao, Manuel; García-Armesto, Sandra

doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-7573-7_71-1

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Spain, one of the largest countries in the European Union with a population of 47,351,567 has a National Health System (SNS) based on the principles of universality, free access, equity, and fairness of financing [4]. There are two types of qualified and regulated visual care professionals dedicated to visual health in Spain: ophthalmologists and opticians-optometrists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 Home Confinement in Children’s Refractive Errors

Álvarez-Peregrina

Martínez-Pérez

Villa-Collar

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Myopia is a public health problem, with estimations that 50% of the world population will be myopic by 2050. Some environmental factors, such as time spent outdoors, doing near work, and using digital devices, influence the development of myopia in children. Home confinement in Spain has increased these risk factors, so this study aims to investigate the impact of home confinement during the COVID-19 outbreak in the vision of school-aged children; Methods: A cross-sectional study in children between 5 and 7 years old that completed a visual screening and a questionnaire about their lifestyles at opticians in Spain in September and October of 2019 and 2020. Statistical analysis to compare lifestyles pre and post confinement, and vision in 2020 versus a similar cohort examined at the same opticians in 2019, was conducted; Results: Spanish children spent less time outdoors and more time doing near work in 2020 than in 2019 (p ≤ 0.001). There was a significant decrease of the spherical equivalent (mean ± standard deviation; 0.66 ± 2.03 D in 2019 vs. 0.48 ± 1.81 D in 2020; p ≤ 0.001); Conclusions: Lifestyles of Spanish children changed during the home confinement at the beginning of 2020. Together with changes in their lifestyles, spherical equivalents have decreased, which implies higher figures of myopia for children aged between 5 and 7.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 Home Confinement in Children’s Refractive Errors

Álvarez-Peregrina

Martínez-Pérez

Villa-Collar

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…Primary care centres serve as gatekeepers and are distributed to ensure appropriate geographical coverage. While the Spanish public health system is decentralized and managed by the regional government of each autonomous community, the legislation governing access to the national health system applies to the entire state [11]. Between 2000 and 2012, immigrants were guaranteed legal access to the same healthcare services as Spanish nationals, regardless of legal status.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overuse or underuse? Use of healthcare services among irregular migrants in a north-eastern Spanish region

Gimeno-Feliú

Pastor-Sanz

Poblador‐Plou

et al. 2021

Int J Equity Health

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Background There is little verified information on global healthcare utilization by irregular migrants. Understanding how immigrants use healthcare services based on their needs is crucial to establish effective health policy. We compared healthcare utilization between irregular migrants, documented migrants, and Spanish nationals in a Spanish autonomous community. Methods This retrospective, observational study included the total adult population of Aragon, Spain: 930,131 Spanish nationals; 123,432 documented migrants; and 17,152 irregular migrants. Healthcare utilization data were compared between irregular migrants, documented migrants and Spanish nationals for the year 2011. Multivariable standard or zero-inflated negative binomial regression models were generated, adjusting for age, sex, length of stay, and morbidity burden. Results The average annual use of healthcare services was lower for irregular migrants than for documented migrants and Spanish nationals at all levels of care analyzed: primary care (0.5 vs 4 vs 6.7 visits); specialized care (0.2 vs 1.8 vs 2.9 visits); planned hospital admissions (0.3 vs 2 vs 4.23 per 100 individuals), unplanned hospital admissions (0.5 vs 3.5 vs 5.2 per 100 individuals), and emergency room visits (0.4 vs 2.8 vs 2.8 per 10 individuals). The average annual prescription drug expenditure was also lower for irregular migrants (€9) than for documented migrants (€77) and Spanish nationals (€367). These differences were only partially attenuated after adjusting for age, sex, and morbidity burden. Conclusions Under conditions of equal access, healthcare utilization is much lower among irregular migrants than Spanish nationals (and lower than that of documented migrants), regardless of country of origin or length of stay in Spain.

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“…However, methodological differences in data collection, study designs, heterogeneity in definitions and classifications, and unique epidemiological factors within the Spanish healthcare environment impose limitations on comparing the results obtained in this study with those of others. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that the health system in Spain maintains almost universal health coverage [40], which, together with the fact that it is a country with a large population, improves the external validity of the results obtained.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 74%

Trends in Anaphylaxis Hospitalizations among Adults in Spain and Their Relationship with Asthma—Analysis of Hospital Discharge data from 2016 to 2021

Caballero-Segura,

Cuadrado-Corrales,

Jimenez-Garcia

et al. 2023

Healthcare

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(1) Background: Anaphylaxis is a rapid-onset, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction. This study explores the epidemiological trends and clinical outcomes of adult patients with and without asthma hospitalized for anaphylaxis in Spain from 2016 to 2021. (2) Methods: Data from the Spanish National Hospital Discharge Database (RAE-CMBD) were analyzed. We stratified patients with anaphylaxis based on their asthma diagnosis and evaluated various comorbidities and clinical outcomes. Propensity score matching was used to match confounders. (3) Results: The total number of hospitalizations for anaphylaxis remained stable, with a decrease in 2020 probably due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Drug-induced anaphylaxis increased, in addition to being the main triggering factor. Asthma prevalence among those admitted for anaphylaxis emerged from 7.63% to 10.69%, with a higher frequency of respiratory failure and need for mechanical ventilation in this group; despite this, ICU admissions and in-hospital mortality did not differ significantly between asthmatics and non-asthmatics. Asthma was also not a risk factor for severe anaphylaxis. Multivariable analysis identified advanced age, ischemic heart disease, acute respiratory failure, and invasive mechanical ventilation as factors associated with severe anaphylaxis. (4) Conclusions: This study provides valuable information on the complexity of anaphylaxis, its relationship with asthma, and factors influencing its severity. Overall, clinical outcomes did not differ significantly in asthmatic patients compared to non-asthmatic patients, although asthmatic patients had more respiratory complications. Further research is necessary to delve deeper into the multifactorial nature of anaphylaxis and its implications in clinical practice.

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Medical Practice Variations in Elective Surgery

Cited by 6 publications

References 93 publications

Impact of COVID-19 Home Confinement in Children’s Refractive Errors

Impact of COVID-19 Home Confinement in Children’s Refractive Errors

Overuse or underuse? Use of healthcare services among irregular migrants in a north-eastern Spanish region

Trends in Anaphylaxis Hospitalizations among Adults in Spain and Their Relationship with Asthma—Analysis of Hospital Discharge data from 2016 to 2021

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