Medication and physical activity and physical fitness in severe mental illness

Pérez‐Cruzado, David; Cuesta‐Vargas, Antonio; Vera-Garcia, Elisa; Mayoral-Cleries, Fermín

doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2018.05.055

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Although some studies reported that olanzapine increased body weight solely by increasing appetite and food intake, with no significant differences in resting energy expenditure (Gothelf et al, 2002;Fountaine et al, 2010). A number studies reported reduced physical activities with olanzapine medication (Perez-Cruzado et al, 2018). In our study, 29.0% patients reported hypoactivity and 25.8% patients reported somnolence during the 12-week olanzapine treatment period.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Increased Appetite Plays a Key Role in Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients

et al. 2020

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Weight gain and metabolic disturbances, potentially influenced by increased appetite, are common effects of olanzapine treatment in patients with schizophrenia. In this study, we explored the association between olanzapine-induced weight gain and metabolic effects with increased appetite. Drug-naïve, first-episode schizophrenia patients were treated with olanzapine for 12 weeks. Assessments included time to increased appetite, body weight, body mass index, biochemical indicators of blood glucose and lipids, proportion of patients who gained more than 7% or 10% of their baseline weight upon treatment conclusion, patients who developed dyslipidemia, and Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale scores. In total, 33 patients with schizophrenia receiving olanzapine were enrolled and 31 completed the study. During the 12-week olanzapine treatment, 77.4% (24/31) patients had increased appetite with 58.1% (18/31) patients having increased appetite within the first 4 weeks. The mean time for increased appetite was 20.3 days. More patients in the increased appetite group increased their initial body weight by more than 7% after 12 weeks when compared to patients with unchanged appetite (22/24 [91.7%] vs. 3/7 [42.9%], p = 0.004). Earlier increased appetite led to more weight gain during the following month. Overall, 50% of patients in the increased appetite group had dyslipidemia after 12 weeks. Our results demonstrated that olanzapine induced significantly appetite increase in first-episode patients with schizophrenia and appetite increase played a key role in olanzapine-induced weight gain and dyslipidemia.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 53%

Increased Appetite Plays a Key Role in Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients

et al. 2020

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“…Antipsychotic medications are known to cause common side-effects like sedation or extrapyramidal symptoms which have been suggested to negatively affect physical activity. Specifically, previous studies have shown that the use of antipsychotics like olanzapine (most of the patients were treated with olanzapine) has been associated with lower physical activity including lower aerobic capacity measured by the 6MWT among patients with schizophrenia [52,53]. There is also evidence for a negative association between antipsychotic-induced (e.g.…”

Section: Discussion Of Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

To increase physical activity in sedentary patients with affective – or schizophrenia spectrum disorders – a clinical study of adjuvant physical therapy in mental health

Gyllensten

Ovesson

Lena

et al. 2019

Nordic Journal of Psychiatry

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Purpose: To understand if physical therapy in addition to individualized psychiatric specialist treatment could aid sedentary patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders or affective spectrum disorders to become more physically active and also to identify assessments suitable for measuring physical activity, physical function and movement motivation. Materials and methods: In a longitudinal, clinical study 18 sedentary patients that filled inclusion criteria were consecutively included. The patients were diagnosed with affective disorders (n ¼ 10) or schizophrenia spectrum disorders (n ¼ 8). Results: Fifteen patients fulfilled the 6-month treatment. The affective group significantly improved physical activity, walking capacity, physical function, exercise habits and attitudes. The schizophrenia spectrum group significantly improved the attitudes to the body and movements but did not increase their physical activity. Instruments to study physical activity, physical function and movement motivation were identified. Conclusion: The study revealed that physical therapy in addition to individualized psychiatric specialist treatment might be an aid for the patients to become more physically active. Patients with affective disorders reached recommended levels of moderate physical activity according to World Health Organization guidelines. Sedentary patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders revealed positive attitude-changes, but no behavioral change.

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“…As shown in Tables and , 38 studies met criteria for inclusion in the qualitative synthesis and all were published after 2005 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only one sensitivity analysis was possible for these data, namely an examination of degree of certainty regarding the classification of samples according to clinical stage. This analysis showed that the ES for the difference in mean CRF between Stages 3 and 4 increased marginally (ES À0.24; 95% CI À0.51, +0.01) when three Stage 3 studies were excluded from this analysis (29,36,42). Across Stages 1-4, there was an increase in mean age (from 21 to 32 years) and BMI (from 24 to 28 kg/m 2 ), but the mean proportion of males decreased across Stages 1-4 (from 0.8 to 0.7).…”

Section: Meta-analysesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For Stage 2, three cohort studies reported CRF in army recruits and noted an association between lower CRF and the incidence of FEP (15)(16)(17); two other studies employed a casecontrol design (8,14) and six others comprised of FEP groups only (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23). Nineteen studies included subgroups classified as Stage 3 (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42), of which four included a matched HC group (30)(31)(32)40) and one included a general population reference sample (39). Seven studies included subgroups classified as Stage 4 (43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49), of which two included matched HC groups (45,46).…”

Section: Description Of Included Studies and Quality Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is there an association between cardiorespiratory fitness and stage of illness in psychotic disorders? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Heggelund

Vancampfort

Tacchi

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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Background Clinical staging models describe where an individual exists on a continuum from asymptomatic at‐risk states (Stage 0) through to established late‐stage disease (Stage 4). We applied this framework to systematically assess evidence for any associations between objectively assessed cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and stage of psychosis. Method Nine electronic databases were searched for relevant publications from inception until October 31, 2019. Pooled effect sizes (Hedges’ g and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI)) were estimated for differences in CRF for studies that reported mean oxygen uptake (max, peak, or predicted VO2 in ml/kg/min). Results Thirty‐eight studies were eligible. Findings indicated that suboptimal CRF can be present at Stages 0 and 1. Meta‐analyses of 22 studies demonstrated that CRF was significantly reduced in individuals classified between Stages 1 and 4 compared with matched or general population controls (g = −0.93; 95% CI −1.14, −0.71). Mean VO2 was decreased by 28% in Stage 4 compared with Stage 1 (34.1 vs. 24.66 ml/kg/min); the largest effect size for CRF reduction was reported between Stages 2 and 3 (g = −1.16; 95% CI −1.31, −1.03). Conclusions Although not identifying direct causal links between clinical stage and CRF, using this framework may enhance understanding of co‐associations between mental and physical health markers across the entire spectrum of psychosis. Limitations include lack of research on CRF in Stages 0 and 1 alongside problems determining stage in some studies. However, impaired CRF is reported in emerging psychosis, supporting calls that early intervention programmes should address both mental and physical wellbeing.

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Medication and physical activity and physical fitness in severe mental illness

Cited by 19 publications

References 25 publications

Increased Appetite Plays a Key Role in Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients

Increased Appetite Plays a Key Role in Olanzapine-Induced Weight Gain in First-Episode Schizophrenia Patients

To increase physical activity in sedentary patients with affective – or schizophrenia spectrum disorders – a clinical study of adjuvant physical therapy in mental health

Is there an association between cardiorespiratory fitness and stage of illness in psychotic disorders? A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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