Medicinal Plants – Derived Natural Products and Phytochemical Extract as Potential Therapies for Coronavirus : Future Perspective

Abstract

On 11th March 2020 , the WHO has declared that the Coronavirus 2 ( SARS-CoV-2) or noval coronavirus ( COVID-19) as Global Pandemic in the whole world . Yet there is no vaccine or any kind of special treatment developed even though all the nations are testing several therapeutic molecules. Different herbs that are traditional are also being used with conventional drugs since the COVID-19 outbreak and are showing promising results in for the treatment of the patients. In this paper, we will review on the use of the natural products and its findings on how it is being used for treating and preventing the infection of COVID-19.. Only those reports were included that WHO edited in the situation. The extracts of the various herbal products and the molecules that are purified exert an anti-SARS-CoV-2 action and they inhibit the virus directly since the entry of the virus by replicating them. It is even interesting to find that some of the herb related products are able to block the C-2 receptors that are protease serine TMPRRS2. These are the proteins COVID-19 virus requires to infect the human cells. Additionally it was also seen that the that he natural products we able to inhibit proteins such as papain-like or chymotrypsin-like proteases that were required in the life cycle of the SARS-CoV-2. Hence, it is concluded that the natural products can be used in combination or alone as an alternative for preventing or treating of the novel corona virus infection.

A review on role of herbal medicine in daily life

“…currently, traditional drug has a lot to offer . ( 20) Some Cases generally respond well to these specifics, indicating a lessening of their symptoms, if not a full relief. Ayurvedic remedies are generally employed in confluence with or after conventional medical treatments because utmost cases begin taking conventional medicinals as soon as they're diagnosed .…”

“…similar shops, which were formerly believed to be dangerous, have since been set up to contain precious medicinal factors . (20)(21)…”

Role of ethno-phytomedicine knowledge in healthcare of COVID-19: advances in traditional phytomedicine perspective

“…The antiviral activity of the extracts of medicinal plants and their bioactive compounds have been confirmed by in vitro , in vivo , and in silico assays to inhibit direct entry of the SARS-CoV-2 and ACE2 receptors as well as block the serine protease TMPRRS2. It is also reported that medicinal plants can inhibit papain-like or chymotrypsin-like proteases that are required in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 [ 4 , 24 ]. Several plant biometabolites including extracts have been reported previously for in vivo and in vitro anti-coronavirus properties such as lectins, saikosaponins, emodin, quercetin derivatives, lectin, ethanolic, and water extract of the plant parts or whole plant [ 81 ].…”

Uso de plantas medicinales por parte de indígenas como posible fuente de fármacos para Covid-19

“…Este producto natural tiene efectos antiinflamatorios e inhibidores contra el COVID-19. (Ahmad SR, 2021) Existen reportes de que extractos de Rheum officinale, comúnmente conocida como Ruibarbo y Polygonum multiflorum (nombre común: Solimancillo o Soliman) puede inhibir la unión de ACE-2 con la proteína S en el SAR-COV-1, con valores de IC50 entre 1-10 μg/mL. La emodina, con estructura de antraquinona, es un ingrediente activo en este género y se ha mostrado que bloquea significativamente la proteína S, es por eso que los autores la sugieren como un tratamiento potencial para el COVID-19 (TY, Ho, Wu SL, Chen JC, Li CC, 2007) El bloqueo de entrada del ARN del SAR-COV-2 a la célula hospedadora ha hecho que los estudios se enfoquen a la proteína ACE-2.…”