Medium Flow-Sensing Hairs: Biomechanics and Models

Humphrey, J. A. C.; Barth, Friedrich G.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2806(07)34001-0

Cited by 81 publications

(171 citation statements)

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“…18b) show that the angular velocities of MeD1 hairs 250-1000 mm long greatly exceed 1 rad s K1 in oscillating air flows with frequencies larger than 10 Hz and constant velocity amplitude of 10 mm s K1 . The same is true for MeD1 hairs 500 mm long in oscillating air flows with frequencies larger than 50 Hz and constant velocity amplitude of 2 mm s K1 (Humphrey & Barth 2008, fig. 23).…”

Section: Comparison With Fluid Mechanic Modelling Studiesmentioning

confidence: 54%

“…For sinusoidal hair oscillations (Humphrey & Barth 2008) In equations (A 6a-c), m and r are the dynamic viscosity and density of air; V r and _ V r are the relative velocity and acceleration of the air relative to the hair (see below); and the quantity G is given by (with nZm/r), which is a necessary condition readily satisfied in our experiments. For the order of magnitude analysis of interest here, we can assume that the relative velocity and acceleration of the air with respect to the hair are given by (Humphrey & Barth 2008 where U o and f are the amplitude and frequency of the oscillating air flow.…”

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 91%

“…It should be noted that the flow conditions corresponding to the deflection of the above-mentioned MeD1 and TiDA1 spider trichobothria are associated with maximum angular velocities significantly larger than 1 rad s K1 . In this regard, the results of Humphrey & Barth (2008, fig. 18b) show that the angular velocities of MeD1 hairs 250-1000 mm long greatly exceed 1 rad s K1 in oscillating air flows with frequencies larger than 10 Hz and constant velocity amplitude of 10 mm s K1 .…”

Section: Comparison With Fluid Mechanic Modelling Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The structures responsible for the viscoelastic behaviour of the hair suspension are the following (figure 3; Humphrey & Barth 2008). …”

Section: Sources Of Hair Suspension Viscoelasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanical hair behaviour was modelled using fluid mechanics to predict the amount of mechanical energy transferred from the air flow to the hair Humphrey et al , 1998Humphrey et al , 2001Humphrey et al , 2003Devarakonda et al 1996;Humphrey & Barth 2008). These considerations quantitatively described the airhair phase relationship, which allows the torsional restoring force of the hair suspension to be calculated under various assumptions related to the air-hair interactions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface force spectroscopic point load measurements and viscoelastic modelling of the micromechanical properties of air flow sensitive hairs of a spider (Cupiennius salei)

McConney

Schaber

Julian

et al. 2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The micromechanical properties of spider air flow hair sensilla (trichobothria) were characterized with nanometre resolution using surface force spectroscopy (SFS) under conditions of different constant deflection angular velocities _ q (rad s K1 ) for hairs 900-950 mm long prior to shortening for measurement purposes. In the range of angular velocities examined (4!10 K4 K2.6!10 K1 rad s K1 ), the torque T (Nm) resisting hair motion and its time rate of change _ T (Nm s K1 ) were found to vary with deflection velocity according to power functions. In this range of angular velocities, the motion of the hair is most accurately captured by a threeparameter solid model, which numerically describes the properties of the hair suspension. A fit of the three-parameter model (3p) to the experimental data yielded the two torsional restoring parameters, S 3p Z2.91!10 K11 Nm rad K1 and S 0 3p Z2.77!10 K11 Nm rad K1 and the damping parameter R 3p Z1.46!10 K12 Nm s rad K1 . For angular velocities larger than 0.05 rad s K1 , which are common under natural conditions, a more accurate angular momentum equation was found to be given by a two-parameter Kelvin solid model. For this case, the multiple regression fit yielded S 2p Z4.89!10 K11 Nm rad K1 and R 2p Z2.83!10 K14 Nm s rad K1 for the model parameters. While the two-parameter model has been used extensively in earlier work primarily at high hair angular velocities, to correctly capture the motion of the hair at both low and high angular velocities it is necessary to employ the three-parameter model. It is suggested that the viscoelastic mechanical properties of the hair suspension work to promote the phasic response behaviour of the sensilla.

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Section: Comparison With Fluid Mechanic Modelling Studiesmentioning

confidence: 54%

Section: Appendix Amentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Comparison With Fluid Mechanic Modelling Studiesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The structures responsible for the viscoelastic behaviour of the hair suspension are the following (figure 3; Humphrey & Barth 2008). …”

Section: Sources Of Hair Suspension Viscoelasticitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Surface force spectroscopic point load measurements and viscoelastic modelling of the micromechanical properties of air flow sensitive hairs of a spider (Cupiennius salei)

McConney

Schaber

Julian

et al. 2008

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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Bioinspired Material Approaches to Sensing

McConney¹,

Anderson²,

Brott

et al. 2009

Adv Funct Materials

102

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Bioinspired design is an engineering approach that involves working to understand the design principles and strategies employed by biology in order to benefit the development of engineered systems. From a materials perspective, biology offers an almost limitless source of novel approaches capable of arousing innovation in every aspect of materials, including fabrication, design, and functionality. Here, recent and ongoing work on the study of bioinspired materials for sensing applications is presented. Work presented includes the study of fish flow receptor structures and the subsequent development of similar structures to improve flow sensor performance. The study of spider air‐flow receptors and the development of a spider‐inspired flexible hair is also discussed. Lastly, the development of flexible membrane based infrared sensors, highly influenced by the fire beetle, is presented, where a pneumatic mechanism and a thermal‐expansion stress‐mediated buckling‐based mechanism are investigated. Other areas that are discussed include novel biological signal filtering mechanisms and reciprocal benefits offered through applying the biology lessons to engineered systems.

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Engineered Mechanosensors Inspired by Biological Mechanosensilla

Qian

Fan

Gui

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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Bionic engineering provides a promising way for promoting the development of science and technology. Next‐generation diversified mechanosensors that can efficiently sense four types of mechanical signals, including tactile, vibration, air/water flow, and sound, are also benefiting from the bioinspired approach. Natural organisms have evolved sophisticated biological mechanosensilla with excellent performance, such as ultrahigh sensitivity, resolution, stability, anti‐interference, and miniaturization, providing a great deal of inspiration for urgently needed mechanosensors that are difficult to achieve through conventional methods. Here, the recent advances in biological mechanosensilla and corresponding bioinspired mechanosensors are reviewed in detail. According to the classification of the mechanosensilla, i.e., tactile sensilla, vibrational sensilla, flow sensilla, and acoustic sensilla, this review is mainly divided into four parts. In each part, the research on functional mechanisms of the mechanosensilla based on well‐organized mechanosensory micro/nanostructures and unique functional materials, as well as the bionic design strategy and preparative technique of bioinspired mechanosensors are individually summarized and discussed. Meanwhile, insight into the further efforts in comprehensive understanding of the mechanosensilla, learning from the multiperformance integration of sensilla, and establishing the efficient preparation methods for bioinspired mechanosensors is provided, all of which are needed to be addressed urgently before having bioinspired mechanosensors of practical value.

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Medium Flow-Sensing Hairs: Biomechanics and Models

Cited by 81 publications

References 50 publications

Surface force spectroscopic point load measurements and viscoelastic modelling of the micromechanical properties of air flow sensitive hairs of a spider (Cupiennius salei)

Surface force spectroscopic point load measurements and viscoelastic modelling of the micromechanical properties of air flow sensitive hairs of a spider (Cupiennius salei)

Bioinspired Material Approaches to Sensing

Engineered Mechanosensors Inspired by Biological Mechanosensilla

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