Melanogenesis Promoting Effect, Antioxidant Activity, and UPLC-ESI-HRMS Characterization of Phenolic Compounds of Argan Leaves Extract

Bourhim, Thouria; Villareal, Myra O.; Couderc, François; Hafidi, Abdellatif; Isoda, Hiroko; Gadhi, Chemseddoha

doi:10.3390/molecules26020371

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…By inhibiting the overproduction and accumulation of melanin in the skin that cause numerous related pigment disorders like melasma, freckles or lentigines, dermatitis, and geriatric skin pigmentation [ 14 ], APC may become an alternative natural and noncytotoxic therapeutic agent against hyperpigmentation disorders. It also has a potential use in cosmetics like argan oil [ 51 ] and other argan oil extraction by-products, argan fruit shells [ 52 ], argan leaves [ 53 ], etc.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of Melanogenesis-Associated Signaling Pathways Regulated by Argan Press Cake in B16 Melanoma Cells

et al. 2021

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The beneficial effect on health of argan oil is recognized worldwide. We have previously reported that the cake that remains after argan oil extraction (argan press-cake or APC) inhibits melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells in a time-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. In this study, the global gene expression profile of B16 melanoma cells treated with APC extract was determined in order to gain an understanding of the possible mechanisms of action of APC. The results suggest that APC extract inhibits melanin biosynthesis by down-regulating microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (Mitf) and its downstream signaling pathway through JNK signaling activation, and the inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin and cAMP/PKA signaling pathways. APC extract also prevented the transport of melanosomes by down-regulating Rab27a expression. These results suggest that APC may be an important natural skin whitening product and pharmacological agent used for clinical treatment of pigmentary disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidation of Melanogenesis-Associated Signaling Pathways Regulated by Argan Press Cake in B16 Melanoma Cells

et al. 2021

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“…We have previously reported that argan oil and argan press cake have melanin synthesis inhibitory effects [ 17 , 20 ], whereas extracts of other parts of the argan tree such as argan fruit shell and leaves promote melanogenesis [ 18 , 19 ]. These findings show that the different parts of argan plants are rich sources of materials for melanogenesis regulation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, other parts of the argan tree and fruit also have melanogenesis regulatory effect. Argan fruit shell promotes melanogenesis by activating the cAMP pathway [ 18 ], an extract of argan leaves also promotes melanogenesis [ 19 ], whereas the press cake from argan oil extraction process downregulates MITF and inhibits melanogenesis [ 20 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of secondary metabolites, which include saponins, triterpenoids, sterols, flavonoids, and phenols, has been reported for the different parts of the argan tree [ 19 , 21 ]. Plant saponins are one of the most abundant and diverse groups of plant natural products, and their bioactivities are attributed to their amphipathic properties that consist of hydrophobic triterpene or sterol backbone and a hydrophilic carbohydrate chain [ 22 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular Analysis of the Melanogenesis Inhibitory Effect of Saponins-Rich Fraction of Argania spinosa Leaves Extract

et al. 2022

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Plant saponins are abundant and diverse natural products with a great potential for use in drug-discovery research. Here, we evaluated extracts of saponins-rich fractions of argan leaves and argan oil extraction byproducts (shell, pulp, press cake) for their effect on melanogenesis. Results show that from among the samples tested, only the saponins-rich fraction from leaves (ALS) inhibited melanin production in B16 murine melanoma (B16) cells. The mechanism of the melanogenesis inhibition was elucidated by determining the protein and mRNA expression of melanogenesis-associated enzymes tyrosinase (TYR), tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1), and dopachrome tautomerase (DCT), and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and performing DNA microarray analysis. Results showed that 10 µg/mL ALS significantly inhibited melanogenesis in B16 cells and human epidermal melanocytes by 59% and 48%, respectively, without cytotoxicity. The effect of ALS on melanogenesis can be attributed to the decrease in TYR, TRP1, and MITF expression at the protein and mRNA levels. MITF inhibition naturally led to the downregulation of the expression of Tyr and Trp1 genes. Results of the DNA microarray analysis revealed the effect on melanogenesis-associated cAMP and Wnt signaling pathways’ genes. The results of this study suggest that ALS may be used in cosmeceuticals preparations for hyperpigmentation treatment.

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“…However, L-dopaquinone can also be converted to L-dopachrome, and TRP-2 can isomerize dopachrome to 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid (DHICA); TRP-1 then oxidizes DHICA to indole-5,6-quinone-2-carboxylic acid, which is eventually converted to eumelanin. [6][7][8][9] Thus, modulating the activity of enzyme cascades consisting of several key enzymes, such as TRY, TRP-1, and TRP-2, is considered an important strategy in the development of skin pigmentation treatments. 10,11 Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is involved in the survival, proliferation, and differentiation of melanocytes and is an important transcriptional regulator of TRY, TRP-1, and TRP-2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chrysoeriol Enhances Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells Through the Modulation of the MAPK, AKT, PKA, and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways

Hyun

2022

Natural Product Communications

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Chrysoeriol is a 3′-O-methoxy flavone, chemically a derivative of luteolin, which is commonly found across the plant kingdom. Chrysoeriol is of great scientific interest because of its promising anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidative, anti-lipase, anti-xanthin oxidase, and antimicrobial activities against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens; however, its effects on melanogenesis have not yet been elucidated. Here, we report a novel effect of chrysoeriol on melanogenesis in B16F10 cells. Chrysoeriol treatment significantly increased the expression of the melanogenic enzymes tyrosinase (TRY), tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and TRP-2 and upregulated the expression of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, chrysoeriol suppressed the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) in a concentration-dependent manner. In addition, chrysoeriol treatment increased the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3β, β-catenin, and protein kinase A (PKA) and decreased the production of β-catenin, which is involved in the transcriptional activation of MITF in melanogenesis. Finally, the structure–activity relationship (SAR) of chrysoeriol and its derivatives, including luteolin and apigenin, with regard to their melanin inhibitory activity was also investigated; we identified the significance of the 4′-OH group and C-3′ methoxylation in melanogenesis. Together, these findings indicate that chrysoeriol promotes melanogenesis in B16F10 cells by upregulating the expression of melanogenic enzymes through the MAPK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT, PKA, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways; thus, chrysoeriol may be used as a cosmetic ingredient to promote melanogenesis or as a therapeutic agent against hypopigmentation disorders.

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Melanogenesis Promoting Effect, Antioxidant Activity, and UPLC-ESI-HRMS Characterization of Phenolic Compounds of Argan Leaves Extract

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Elucidation of Melanogenesis-Associated Signaling Pathways Regulated by Argan Press Cake in B16 Melanoma Cells

Elucidation of Melanogenesis-Associated Signaling Pathways Regulated by Argan Press Cake in B16 Melanoma Cells

Molecular Analysis of the Melanogenesis Inhibitory Effect of Saponins-Rich Fraction of Argania spinosa Leaves Extract

Chrysoeriol Enhances Melanogenesis in B16F10 Cells Through the Modulation of the MAPK, AKT, PKA, and Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathways

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