Melatonin and Vitamin C Ameliorate Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress and eNOS Expression in Rat Kidney

Objectives Propolis is a potent antioxidant and a free radical scavenger. Pharmacological induction of heat shock proteins (HSPs) has been investigated for restoring normal cellular function following an injury. In this study, effect of propolis on HSP-70 expression in methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity and direct preventive effect of propolis in this toxicity were investigated. Material and methods A total of 40 male Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Group 1 was the untreated control. On the eighth day of the experiment, groups 2 and 3 received single intraperitoneal injections of methotrexate (MTX) at 20 mg/kg. Groups 3 and 4 received 100 mg/kg/day propolis (by oral gavage) for 15 d by the first day of the experimental protocol. Then the rats were decapitated under ketamine esthesia and their kidney tissues were removed. HSP-70 expression, apoptosis, and histopathological damage scores were then compared. Results MTX caused epithelial desquamation into the lumen of the tubules, dilatation, and congestion of the peritubular vessels and renal corpuscles with obscure Bowman's space. The number of apoptotic cells (p ¼ 0.000) and HSP-70 (p ¼ 0.002) expression were increased in group 2. Propolis prevented the rise in number of apoptotic cells (p ¼ 0.017), HSP-70 (p ¼ 0.000) expression, and improved kidney morphology. Conclusions It was found that methotrexate gives rise to serious damage in the kidney and propolis is a potent antioxidant agent in preventing kidney injury. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…From each of the subjects, five different areas were evaluated in terms of the expression differences using the image J program. 9 …”

Section: Immunohistochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of propolis on methotrexate-induced kidney injury in the rat

2016

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“…NO is generated from the guanidine nitrogen of L-arginine by three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), i.e., neuronal NOS (nNOS, NOS-1), endothelial NOS (eNOS, NOS-3), and inducible NOS (iNOS, NOS-2). NO acts as an intracellular and intercellular messenger in different tissues [Sonmez et al 2009a;Sonmez et al 2012]. Hyperglycemia disrupts the electron transfer and activation in the mitochondria and causes an excessive production of ROS via the polyol pathway.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitric oxide synthase in diabetic rat testicular tissue and the effects of pentoxifylline therapy

Sönmez

Kilic

Karabulut

et al. 2015

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine

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Diabetes is known to be associated with erectile dysfunction, retrograde ejaculation, level of testicular hormone, and a decrease in semen quality, respectively. In this project, we aimed to investigate at the molecular level, the effects of NOS on testes pathology in diabetes and examine the effects of pentoxifylline on healing. A total of 50 Wistar albino male rats were divided into five groups: Group I control; Group II only diabetes; Group III and IV diabetes + pentoxifylline; Group V only pentoxifylline. Group III rats received 50 mg/kg/day pentoxifylline during two months. In comparison, Group IV rats received saline in the first month followed by 50 mg/kg/day of pentoxifylline for the following month. NOS expression in testicular tissue was assessed using qRT-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemistry. The mean seminiferous tubule diameter, Johnsen's testicular biopsy score, and serum testosterone levels decreased compared to controls. In contrast, the number of apoptotic cells, the levels of nNOS, iNOS and eNOS mRNA, and protein increased when compared to the control. Upon pentoxifylline therapy NOS decreased suggesting that it contributes to this damage and treatment with pentoxifylline may be effective in reversing this damage.

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“…NO acts as an intracellular and intercellular messenger in different tissues. 4 It has numerous functions in the kidney and all three NOS isoforms are expressed in the kidney under physiological and diabetic conditions. 5 Hyperglycemia can lead to endothelial dysfunction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ameliorative effects of pentoxifylline on NOS induced by diabetes in rat kidney

Sönmez

Dündar

2016

Renal Failure

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Objectives Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. The NO system has been implicated in the pathogenesis of DN. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the healing effect of pentoxifylline on NOS in STZ-induced diabetic rat's kidney. Material and methods In this study, 50 Wistar albino male rats were used. The rats were divided into five groups; Group C control; Group D only diabetes; Group D + PI and D + PII diabetes + pentoxifylline; Group P only pentoxifylline. Group DPI rats received just pentoxifylline from the beginning of the experiments. However, Group DPII rats received saline in the first month and 50 mg/kg/day of pentoxifylline for the following month. At the end of two months, NOS expressions in kidney tissue were assessed using qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results At the end of the experiments, desquamation of the epithelial cells of the tubules, clear glycogen-filled distal tubules and increased number of apoptotic cells were seen in Group D. Diabetic rats' nNOS immunoreactivity had increased and eNOS and iNOS immunoreactivity had decreased; nNOS, iNOS and eNOS mRNA levels tended to decrease compared to the control group. PTX ameliorated eNOS, iNOS and nNOS protein levels and apoptotic cells, but did not affect mRNA levels. Conclusion In conclusion, PTX has a healing effect on this damage by affecting NOS expression. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Melatonin and Vitamin C Ameliorate Alcohol-Induced Oxidative Stress and eNOS Expression in Rat Kidney

Cited by 38 publications

References 42 publications

Protective effect of propolis on methotrexate-induced kidney injury in the rat

Protective effect of propolis on methotrexate-induced kidney injury in the rat

Nitric oxide synthase in diabetic rat testicular tissue and the effects of pentoxifylline therapy

Ameliorative effects of pentoxifylline on NOS induced by diabetes in rat kidney

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