Melatonin Is a Promising Silage Additive: Evidence From Microbiota and Metabolites

Li, Mao; Lv, Renlong; Zhang, Youmin; Zi, Xuejuan; Zhou, Hanlin; Tang, Jun

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.670764

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…For other metabolites, some special sugars are considered as biomarkers of poor fermentation. According to Li M. et al (2021) , the downregulation of isomaltose and L-sorbose may indicate high-quality ensiling. B. subtilis caused 18 differential metabolites.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additives Altered Bacterial Communities and Metabolic Profiles in Silage Hybrid Pennisetum

et al. 2022

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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different additives on the fermentation quality, nutrient composition, bacterial communities, and metabolic profiles of the silage of hybrid Pennisetum. The experiment was conducted using five treatments, i.e., CK, control group, MA, 1% malic acid of fresh matter (FM) basis, GL, 1% glucose of FM basis, CE, 100 U/g FM cellulase, and BS, 106 cfu/g FM Bacillus subtilis, with six replicates each treatment. After a 120-day fermentation, 30 silage packages were opened for subsequent determination. As a result, all four additives had positive effects on the fermentation quality and nutrient composition of the silage of hybrid Pennisetum. The high-throughput sequencing of V3–V4 regions in 16S rRNA was performed, and results showed that Firmicutes and Proteobacteria were the dominant phyla and that Aquabacterium and Bacillus were the dominant genera. MA, GL, CE, and BS treatment resulted in 129, 21, 25, and 40 differential bacteria, respectively. The four additives upregulated Bacillus smithii but downregulated Lactobacillus rossiae. Metabolic profiles were determined by UHPLC-Q/TOF-MS technology and the differential metabolites caused by the four additives were 47, 13, 47, and 18, respectively. These metabolites played antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory functions and involved in pathways, such as the citrate cycle, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, and glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism. In conclusion, silage additives promoted fermentation quality and nutrient composition by altering bacterial communities and metabolic profiles. This study provided potential biomarkers for the improvement of silage quality.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Additives Altered Bacterial Communities and Metabolic Profiles in Silage Hybrid Pennisetum

et al. 2022

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“…Therefore, the two bacteria could compete with LAB during ensiling. However, a previous study observed that the presence of Sphingobacterium and Stenotrophomonas in silage was associated with increased richness and relative abundance of LAB in a bacterial community ( Li M. et al, 2021 ). The difference may be attributed to the relative abundance of keystone bacteria being the lowest when compared with LAB results as competition for WSC is weakened; however, keystone bacteria regulate microbial activity via different metabolic pathways.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Effects of intrinsic tannins on proteolysis dynamics, protease activity, and metabolome during sainfoin ensiling

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

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Condensed tannins (CT) from sainfoin have a high capacity to inhibit proteolysis. A previous study reported that CT from sainfoin can inhibit lactic acid bacteria activity and decrease ammonium-nitrogen (N) content during sainfoin ensiling; however, no study has focused on the metabolome of ensiled sainfoin. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of CT [following supplementation of deactivated CT with polyethylene glycol (PEG)] on protease activity, keystone bacteria, and metabolome during sainfoin ensiling. According to the results, PEG amendment increased non-protein N, amino acid, and soluble protein contents significantly (in the 49.08–59.41, 116.01–64.22, and 23.5–41.94% ranges, respectively, p < 0.05) during ensiling, whereas neutral detergent-insoluble protein and acid detergent-insoluble protein were decreased significantly (in the 55.98–64.71 and 36.58–57.55% ranges, respectively, p < 0.05). PEG supplementation increased aminopeptidase and acid protease activity after 3 days of ensiling (p < 0.05) and increased carboxypeptidase activity during the entire ensiling process (p < 0.05). The keystone bacteria changed following PEG addition (Stenotrophomonas, Pantoea, and Cellulosimicrobium in the control vs. Microbacterium, Enterococcus, and Brevundimonas in the PEG-treated group). In total, 510 metabolites were identified after 60 days of sainfoin ensiling, with 33 metabolites annotated in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database. Among the metabolites, phospholipids were the most abundant (72.7% of 33 metabolites). In addition, 10 upregulated and 23 downregulated metabolites were identified in the PEG-treated group when compared with the control group, after 60 days of ensiling (p < 0.05). Pediococcus (correlated with 20 metabolites, R2 > 0.88, p < 0.05) and Lactobacillus (correlated with 16 metabolites, R2 > 0.88, p < 0.05) were the bacteria most correlated with metabolites. The results suggested antagonistic effects between Lactobacillus and Pediococcus during ensiling. The decreased proteolysis during sainfoin ensiling was mainly attributed to the inhibition of protease activity by CT, particularly carboxypeptidase activity. In addition, proteolysis decreased partly due to CT inhibiting Pediococcus activity during ensiling, with Pediococcus being significantly and positively correlated with dopamine after 60 days of ensiling (R2 = 0.8857, p < 0.05).

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“…Sphingobacterium can consume carbohydrates and produce acid (Yabuuchi et al, 1983;Palleroni and Bradbury, 1993;Li et al, 2021). Pseudomonas is generally regarded as undesirable microorganisms for silage due to its possibility decreased protein content (Santos Silla, 1996;Dunière et al, 2013;Li et al, 2021). However, Ogunade et al (2018) that these microorganisms were negatively correlated with pH, ammonium nitrogen, yeast, and mold and thought that they may contribute to silage fermentation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is a common microorganism in silage, especially at the beginning of ensiling, so it belongs to silage beneficial microorganisms at some extent ( Bal et al., 2012 ; Wang et al., 2019 ). Sphingobacterium can consume carbohydrates and produce acid ( Yabuuchi et al., 1983 ; Palleroni and Bradbury, 1993 ; Li et al., 2021 ). Pseudomonas is generally regarded as undesirable microorganisms for silage due to its possibility decreased protein content ( Santos Silla, 1996 ; Dunière et al., 2013 ; Li et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sphingobacterium can consume carbohydrates and produce acid ( Yabuuchi et al., 1983 ; Palleroni and Bradbury, 1993 ; Li et al., 2021 ). Pseudomonas is generally regarded as undesirable microorganisms for silage due to its possibility decreased protein content ( Santos Silla, 1996 ; Dunière et al., 2013 ; Li et al., 2021 ). However, Ogunade et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dynamics and correlations of chlorophyll and phytol content with silage bacterial of different growth heights Pennisetum sinese

Lv²,

Zhou³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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The dynamics and correlations of chlorophyll and phytol content with silage bacterial of different growth heights Pennisetum sinese were investigated. The results demonstrated that the chlorophyll and phytol content of P. sinese before and after ensiled decreased with the increase of growth height. Ensiling significantly reduced pigment content but had no significant effect on phytol. In addition, P. sinese pigment yield before and after ensiled increased with growth heights increasing, and the yield at 150 or 180 cm was obviously higher. Moreover, the higher silage quality V-Score were at 150 or 180 cm growth heights. Furthermore, the silage microbial diversity were varied by growth heights, and some specific undesirable microorganisms (Acinetobacter, Cellvibrio, Sphingobacterium, etc.) were negatively correlated with pigment and phytol content. Therefore, with comprehensive consideration of pigment, phytol yield, and silage quality, the optimum harvest growth height of P. sinese was 150 cm. Furthermore, precise reduction of particular undesirable microorganisms maybe helps to preserve pigments and phytol.

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Melatonin Is a Promising Silage Additive: Evidence From Microbiota and Metabolites

Cited by 10 publications

References 50 publications

Additives Altered Bacterial Communities and Metabolic Profiles in Silage Hybrid Pennisetum

Additives Altered Bacterial Communities and Metabolic Profiles in Silage Hybrid Pennisetum

Effects of intrinsic tannins on proteolysis dynamics, protease activity, and metabolome during sainfoin ensiling

Dynamics and correlations of chlorophyll and phytol content with silage bacterial of different growth heights Pennisetum sinese

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