Melatonin, its precursors, and synthesizing enzyme activities in the human ovary

Itoh, Masanori; Ishizuka, Bunpei; Kuribayashi, Yasutaka; Amemiya, Akira; Sumi, Y.

doi:10.1093/molehr/5.5.402

Cited by 160 publications

(112 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…However, numerous published studies have changed this view, describing many extrapineal tissues, such as retina [200], Harderian gland [201], gut [202], ovary [203,204], immune system [205,206], skin [207], and testes [208], as melatonin synthesizers.…”

Section: Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paracrine Regulation of Thyroid-Hormone Synthesis by C Cells

Fernández-Santos¹,

García-Marín²,

Utrilla³

et al. 2012

Thyroid Hormone

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Section: Melatoninmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paracrine Regulation of Thyroid-Hormone Synthesis by C Cells

Fernández-Santos¹,

García-Marín²,

Utrilla³

et al. 2012

Thyroid Hormone

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“…24 Additionally, the presence of melatonin receptors in the follicular cells of rats and mice 25,26 suggests possible melatonin production in the ovary. 27 Its well-documented role as an antioxidant may be associated with follicular development and oocyte quality, interfering in processes such as oocyte maturation and ovulation. 23 One of the hormonal factors thought to regulate follicular development is melatonin.…”

Section: Melatonin and Reproductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of melatonin and prolactin in reproduction: review of literature

Tenorio

Simões

Teixeira

et al. 2015

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Conflict of interest: noneThe pineal gland is responsible for producing a hormone called melatonin (MEL), and is accepted as the gland that regulates reproduction in mammals. Prolactin (PRL) also exhibits reproductive activity in animals in response to photoperiod. It is known that the concentrations of PRL are high in the summer and reduced during winter, the opposite of what is seen with melatonin in these seasons. In placental mammals, both prolactin and melatonin affect implantation, which is considered a critical point of pregnancy, since a successful pregnancy requires the development of a synchronous interaction between the endometrium and blastocyst for placental development. It is also known that PRL levels during pregnancy are essential for the maintenance of pregnancy, because this hormone induces the corpus luteum to produce progesterone, in addition to stimulating blastocyst implantation to maintain pregnancy and form the placenta. However, melatonin levels in plasma have also been shown to increase during pregnancy, peaking at the end of this period, which suggests that this hormone plays an important role in the maintenance of pregnancy. Thus, it is clear that treatment with prolactin or melatonin interferes with the processes responsible for the development and maintenance of pregnancy.Keywords: pineal gland, pregnancy, progesterone, estrogens. pineal glandThe pineal gland develops from the roof of the diencephalon, behind the third ventricle, measuring approximately 8x4mm in adults, and weighing approximately 0.1 to 0.18g. It originates from an evagination from the roof of the diencephalon, acquires a cone-like shape, and is located in the epithalamic region between the posterior and habenular commissures. A small ependymal recess from the third ventricle extends a short rod, which allows the connection of the pineal body to the roof of the diencephalon. It is almost completely surrounded by the pia mater. 1The pineal gland has a strong blood supply, and is the second organ (behind the kidney) with the highest blood flow in relation to tissue mass. The numerous capillaries within the parenchymal cells allow intense metabolic activity. The endothelium of the pineal is fenestrated. The blood supply is greater during the night, probably related to increased indole metabolism during these hours, that is, increased production of the hormone melatonin which is an indolamine. Removal of the superior cervical ganglion concomitantly decreases the metabolic activity of the gland and 2/3 of its normal blood flow. Most of this blood supply is provided by branches originating from the posterior choroidal arteries. 2The pineal differs from almost all of the brain by the absence of a blood-brain barrier, but resembles other periventricular glands, such as the median eminence, subfornical organ (SFO) and subcomissural organ (SCO), being derived from the ependymal cells in the roof of the third ventricle. Histologically, its parenchyma consists of two types of cells: pinealocytes and neuroglia. The pinealocytes ...

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“…Specific membrane and nuclear binding sites for melatonin have been detected in different tissues in different species 8 . Although, the pineal gland is considered the main site of melatonin synthesis, many extra-pineal tissues have been identified as melatonin synthesizers, such as retina [9][10][11] , Harderian gland 12 , gut 13,14 , ovary 15,16 , immune system [17][18][19][20] , skin 21,22 and testes 23 . Moreover, melatonin has also been localized in the thyroid gland 24 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin Receptor (Mt1 and Mt2) Proteins Expression in Thyroid Gland and Level of Thyroxin (T4), Thyrotropin (Tsh) Hormone During Progression of Age in Male Swiss Albino Mice

Laskar¹,

Singh²

2015

J Biol Sci Opin

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Advancement of age is related with a progressive declining in most of the physiological activities. The activity of thyroid gland is also disturbed with increment of age in the organism. Melatonin regulates most of the physiological activities through its membrane bound MT1 and MT2 receptors in mammals. Melatonin receptors were localized on thyroid gland but their abundance on thyroid gland along with progression of age was unknown. In present study we investigated the age related changes in serum T4, TSH level and the abundance of melatonin receptor (MT1 and MT2) proteins in thyroid gland following the immunohistochemical study and western blot analysis. Decreased serum T4 level was noted in aged mice whereas serum TSH level was remained unchanged. Both MT1 and MT2 melatonin receptor proteins abundance was decreased with advancement of age in mice. Our present study may suggest that aging modulates the responsiveness of thyroid gland to melatonin through modulation of melatonin receptor (MT1 and MT2) proteins on thyroid gland. Further, this modulation may be responsible for contribution in the declining of physiological status of the thyroid in the organism.

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Melatonin, its precursors, and synthesizing enzyme activities in the human ovary

Cited by 160 publications

References 33 publications

Paracrine Regulation of Thyroid-Hormone Synthesis by C Cells

Paracrine Regulation of Thyroid-Hormone Synthesis by C Cells

Effects of melatonin and prolactin in reproduction: review of literature

Melatonin Receptor (Mt1 and Mt2) Proteins Expression in Thyroid Gland and Level of Thyroxin (T4), Thyrotropin (Tsh) Hormone During Progression of Age in Male Swiss Albino Mice

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