Membrane Selection for Electrochemical Treatment of Septage

A review on ion-exchange nanofiber membranes: properties, structure and application in electrochemical (waste)water treatment

“…A broad range of electrochemical technologies apply to water treatment and energy production from wastewater [4,233]. Over the last years, membrane-based processes have shown many benefits and are often preferred over membrane-free processes [234]. The use of ionexchange membranes exclude undesired side reactions in the electrolyte, improve the process efficiency and offer enhanced selectivity and resource recovery by forming a physical barrier between anode and cathode [11,235].…”

“…• With the use of a membrane the anodic chamber becomes acidic while the cathodic chamber becomes alkaline [234,235]. These acidic conditions are beneficial for the production of reactive chlorine and the destruction of microorganisms [233,318].…”

Nature-based solutions coupled with advanced technologies: An opportunity for decentralized water reuse in cities

“…ii) Reduced costs and low maintenance needs. For example, green technologies can decrease the organic load in the influent of AOP&EC, and thus increase efficiency while decreasing the maintenance costs of grey technology (Talekar and Mutnuri, 2020;Jaén-Gil et al, 2021). iii) Enabling water reclamation or reuse, normally not achieved by green technologies alone.…”

“…On top of that, limited data were reported on the contribution made by each treatment stage. Usually, the data reported concerned either the performance of CGGT as a whole (Robles et al, 2020) or the performance of the grey technology alone (Talekar et al, 2018;Bakheet et al, 2020;Talekar and Mutnuri, 2020). Very little information was provided concerning the contribution of green technologies to overall CGGT energy demand, which may be related to the fact that these technologies are recognized as passive energy tech (consuming very little or no energy at all).…”

“…Moreover, data concerning operational features (e.g., HLR, fouling rate, surface area) also varied across articles and were sometimes not available, making it difficult to correlate CGGT performance and design features. On top of that, only a few articles reported data concerning other relevant topics beyond treatment performance, such as, for example, potential oxidation by-products (Chen et al, 2011), energy requirements (Talekar et al, 2018;Bakheet et al, 2020;Robles et al, 2020;Talekar and Mutnuri, 2020) and costs (Bakheet et al, 2020;Robles et al, 2020). Finally, due to the novelty of the topic, no article dealt with simulations/modelling using secondary data.…”