Membrane technology for rainwater treatment and reuse: A mini review

Liu, Xiao; Ren, Zixiao; Ngo, Huu Hao; He, Xu; Desmond, Peter; Ding, An

doi:10.1016/j.watcyc.2021.08.001

Cited by 57 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…The original concept of bioretention areas was based on the comprehensive effects of soil, plants and microorganisms, where the soil and plants are the main factors affecting the efficiency of the treatment achieved (Li et al, 2021). However, the application of membrane filtration technology (Liu et al, 2021) and electrocoagulation coupled to a membrane bioreactor is gaining ground. This technology shows excellent performance in the purification of rainwater based on results for the turbidity (<0.1 NTU), NH3-N (<0.1 mg L -1 ), total phosphorus (<0.05 mg L -1 ), heavy metals (e.g., Cr, Zn and Cu) and organic matter (1.0 ± 0.4 mg L -1 ), regardless of the water load applied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study: Evaluation and Reuse of Rainwater in a Prison in Santa Catarina State, Brazil

João¹,

Henckmaier²,

Rosa³

et al. 2022

JAS

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The capture and reuse of rainwater is a viable alternative in regions where water is scarce or in places where water consumption is high. However, the economic viability of the implementation of an appropriate system is reduced by the need to install pumps, filter pipes and filters. This case study was focused on evaluating the potential for the harvesting and reuse of rainwater in a prison in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The experiment was carried out at Tubarão prison, where three sampling points were strategically selected for the collection of rainwater. The total area of the prison is 4793.73 m² and in this research only the roof areas of the buildings used to keep inmates in closed and semi-open regimes were used. In total, 3483.53 m² were considered, which guarantees an annual capture of 4314 m3 of water and corresponds to 17% of the water consumed in the prison, providing potential savings of US$ 5408 per year. After collection, the water was filtered through an activated carbon filter to be applied as reuse water. The results demonstrate significant reductions for all parameters analyzed. In general, the average efficiency was above 70%. The best results were obtained for the removal of suspended solids (94%), dissolved solids (94%), total solids (83) and phosphorus (81%). In addition, removal values for color, chlorides and nitrate were around 70%, verifying that the filtration system with activated carbon is efficient for harvested rainwater.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Study: Evaluation and Reuse of Rainwater in a Prison in Santa Catarina State, Brazil

João¹,

Henckmaier²,

Rosa³

et al. 2022

JAS

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show abstract

“…In particular, reclaimed water is collected directly from the treatment plant and reaches the end-user via a specific network, or simply through a water truck. On the contrary, greywater collection and distribution via a specific network and storage is not recommended, while treatment is required depending on the kind of end-use (Boano et al 2020); so, this treatment can be filtration, membrane filtration or biofiltration (Kim et al 2005;Liu et al 2021). Moreover, rainwater is collected from roofs from impermeable surfaces in general including parking lots, although with a higher contamination risk in comparison with roofs.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Costs-benefit Analysis for the use of Shallow Groundwater as non-conventional Water Resource

Marchioni

Raimondi

Chiano

et al. 2023

Water Resour Manage

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Encouraging the implementation of non-conventional water resources (NCWR) is a fundamental strategy to face the future challenges due to urban population growth and resource scarcity. The implementation of a systematic process of Cost Benefit Analysis (CBA) offers reliable economic indicators to support decision makers in taking actions shifting towards NCWR. While infrastructure costs are directly estimated, while the benefits depend upon the considered stakeholders and require a tough estimation of the achieved ecosystem services. This research provides a framework for CBA analysis adopting NCWR at municipal level. The framework has been then applied to two case studies in Milan focused on the exploitation of shallow groundwater, where the obtained economic indicators has stressed out the importance of considering a complete benefits analysis that could support incentive policies on shifting part of the financial benefits to direct users leading to benefits for the whole community.

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“…They also facilitate the process of simplicity, as RO can directly treat sewage into high-quality water without the need of adding chemical, biological, and sorption processes. 27 On the negative side, fouling has to be mentioned. As far as many membrane processes, the long-duration stability and operability depend largely on the prevention of fouling, mineral scaling, and chemical degradation.…”

Section: Process Design and Sustainability Of Wastewater Treatment Te...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the positive side, RO membranes often have higher rejection rates for different contaminants and thus are widely applicable. They also facilitate the process of simplicity, as RO can directly treat sewage into high-quality water without the need of adding chemical, biological, and sorption processes . On the negative side, fouling has to be mentioned.…”

Section: Process Design and Sustainability Of Wastewater Treatment Te...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Technology and Sustainability Assessment of Wastewater Treatment

Tran

Escribà‐Gelonch

Sarafraz

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Removal of heavy metals in wastewater treatment is crucial to protect the environment, wildlife, and human health. Various techniques have been developed focusing on removal of heavy metal ions, pharmaceuticals, and other contaminants from different wastewater sources. The main methods include adsorption, filtration, ion exchange, electrochemical, reverse osmosis, precipitation, flotation/coagulation/ flocculation, and photocatalytic-based treatments. This paper comprehensively assesses the sustainability of those common technologies used for wastewater process treatment. The sustainability profile depends mostly on the exact approach followed for each technology, including its energy consumption, type of radiation (where appropriate), auxiliary materials used (e.g., catalysts, adsorbents), and further specific experimental process settings. Thus, while sustainability inevitably provides a multifaceted answer, the review finally aims for sustainability benchmarking of all technologies, by compressing the manifold outcomes toward a compact information set, such as a table and radar plot.

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Membrane technology for rainwater treatment and reuse: A mini review

Cited by 57 publications

References 91 publications

Case Study: Evaluation and Reuse of Rainwater in a Prison in Santa Catarina State, Brazil

Case Study: Evaluation and Reuse of Rainwater in a Prison in Santa Catarina State, Brazil

Costs-benefit Analysis for the use of Shallow Groundwater as non-conventional Water Resource

Process Technology and Sustainability Assessment of Wastewater Treatment

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