Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis in the setting of Epstein-Barr virus-related hemophagocytic syndrome

Abstract

In this case, we believe that EBV triggered both HPS and tubulointerstitial nephritis. Steroid therapy successfully treated the inflammatory syndrome, allowing renal function recovery without compromising EBV infection resolution. .

Management of Hemophagocytic Lympho-Histiocytosis in Critically Ill Patients

“…52 A case report showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis and interstitial nephritis in a young man with HS related to EBV. 53 Kidney biopsy did not yield etiological diagnosis in the different studies and biopsy of other organs (as lymph node or liver) should be preferred.…”

Catechins: Therapeutic Perspectives in COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

“…Glomerular and tubular damages were also reported in other viral infections. Membranous glomerulopathy, glomerulosclerosis, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, interstitial nephritis and necrotizing tubulointerstitial nephritis are common clinical manifestations caused by HIV, HCV, HBV and adenoviral infections [ 120 , 121 , 122 ]. Histological examination demonstrated acute distal tubular necrosis and the presence of viral particles in epithelial cells, as well as in Bowman’s capsule, which differ significantly from pathological changes reported in bacterial infection [ 122 , 123 , 124 ].…”

“…Glomerular and tubular damages are believed to occur secondary to ischemia with the redistribution of blood flow from renal medulla to the cortex, the deterioration of microcirculatory oxygenation and the generation of local inflammatory mediators, pro-fibrotic agents and reactive oxygen species (ROS) [ 142 , 143 ]. A strong cytokines storm, characterized by overproduction of type I (IFN-α/β) and type II IFNs (IFN-γ), IL-1β, IL-6, IL-2 and IL-4, followed by a sudden decrease of virus loads in the mesangial cells and vascular endothelial cells, was described following Duck Hepatitis A virus (DHAV) infection [ 120 , 121 , 122 , 123 , 144 ]. The potential role of cytokine storm in COVID-19-induced kidney damage has also been described [ 24 , 124 ].…”

Mechanistic Aspects and Therapeutic Potential of Quercetin against COVID-19-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

“…Virus-associated glomerular disease, such as membranous glomerulopathy, glomerulosclerosis, and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis associated with HCV infection [67][68][69], as well as interstitial nephritis and necrotizing tubulointerstitial nephritis are common clinical manifestations caused by BK virus, cytomegalovirus, and adenovirus infections [56,59]. AKI-associated nephritis is also a common renal disorder observed in patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) and adenovirus infections [60,70,71]. In the last decade, high incidences of AKI have been found in critically ill patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and influenza A (H1N1), while in turn a strong relation between AKI and mortality rate was also observed [72,73].…”