Memlük Devletinde Sultan ve Emîrlerin Hanefîliğe İlgisi

Abstract

Mamluk State which is accepted one of the greatest Muslim-Turkish states in Islamic history is known by some essential characteristics like great victories against Crusaders and Mongols and being protecting power of Islamic World henceforth. Showing great interest in scholarship and scholars, making efforts to establish and generalize Sunnism by building new madrasahs are also among its characteristics, In fact, these activities started by Salahaddin Ayyûbî are improved and generalized by Mamluks. Salahaddin Ayyûbî, as a Shâfiî, tried to remove Fatımid's Shiite traces in Egpt and Syria by building new Sunni madrasahs and along the same line he took more care of Shâfiîs because they are usually Esh'arî.Mamluks took great care of Hanefîte Turks generally adopted, however they continued the prerogatives of Shafiî officials (qâdilqudat, for instance). On the other hand, some Mamluk sultans and amirs because of being fond of Hanefite tried to bring Hanefi officials forward. Some of them wrote also books on Hanefi sect. In this paper, we dealt with the activities of some Mamluk statesman fond of Hanefite and their conflicts and polemics with other sects especially with shafiis. Thus, we tried to make contribution to the topic of "Turks are Hanefi" by giving examples from the hisory of Mamluks.