Mendelian randomization distinguished the changes in gut microbiota caused by IBD from those that lead to IBD

Li, Fan; Han, Xiaoping; Tang, Tongyu; Wang, Zhaodi; Zhao, Qi; Wang, Zhi; Xu, Zifeng; Chang, Yu; Gou, Zhaoyang; Li, Yuqin

doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-3897238/v1

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 39 publications

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“…These findings suggest that Clostridia vadinBB60 group may have anti-inflammatory properties. Consistent with this notion, two studies have reported that Clostridia vadinBB60 group is protective in IBD 42,43 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Oral vancomycin treatment alters levels of indole derivatives and secondary bile acids modulating the expression of mTOR pathway genes in astrocytes during EAE

Bianchimano,

Leone,

Smith

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Astrocytes play important roles in the central nervous system (CNS) during health and disease. Prior studies have shown that gut commensals derived indole derivatives as well as secondary bile acids modulate astrocyte function during the late stage of EAE (recovery phase). Here we show that administering vancomycin to mice starting during the early stage of EAE improved disease recovery, an effect that is mediated by the gut microbiota. We observed that 6 taxa within theClostridia vadinBB60genus were enriched in vancomycin treated mice compared to untreated EAE mice. Vancomycin-treated EAE mice also had elevated serum levels of the anti-inflammatory tryptophan derived metabolite, indole-3-lactic acid and decreased levels of deoxycholic acid, a pro-inflammatory secondary bile acid. RNA sequencing revealed altered expression of several genes belonging to the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway in astrocytes obtained during the late stage of EAE from vancomycin treated EAE mice. Furthermore, we observed a link between serum levels of indole derivatives and bile acids and expression of several genes belonging to the mTOR pathway. Interestingly, the mTOR signaling cascades have been implicated in several key biological processes including innate (e.g., astrocyte) immune responses as well as neuronal toxicity/degeneration. In addition, rapamycin, a specific inhibitor of mTOR, has been shown to inhibit the induction and progression of established EAE. Collectively, our findings suggest that the neuroprotective effect of vancomycin is at least partially mediated by indole derivatives and secondary bile acids modulating the expression of mTOR pathway genes in astrocytes.HIGHLIGHTSVancomycin attenuated established EAE through regulation of the microbiota.Vancomycin induced increased serum level of indole-3-lactic acid as well as decreased serum levels of indoxyl-3-sulfate, p-cresol and deoxycholic acid.Vancomycin modulated the expression of mTOR pathway genes in astrocytesLactobacillus reuteri(enriched in vancomycin treated mice) regulated the expression of mTOR pathway genes in astrocytesSerum levels of indole-3-lactic acid, indoxyl-3-sulfate, p-cresol and deoxycholic acid correlated with expression of mTOR pathway genes in astrocytes

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 60%

Oral vancomycin treatment alters levels of indole derivatives and secondary bile acids modulating the expression of mTOR pathway genes in astrocytes during EAE

Bianchimano,

Leone,

Smith

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Insights into the Gut Microbial Diversity of Wild Siberian Musk Deer (Moschus moschiferus) in Republic of Korea

Kim,

Do,

Cho

et al. 2024

Animals

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The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the health and well-being of wildlife. However, its composition and diversity remain unexplored, particularly in threatened species such as the Siberian musk deer (SMD). This study aimed to elucidate the gut microbiota composition within different wild SMD communities for assessing their health status. We conducted the first comprehensive fecal microbiome analysis of wild SMD inhabiting three distinct locations in Gangwon Province, Republic of Korea (Korea). Fecal samples were collected non-invasively and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed for gut microbiota characterization. Consistent with previous research, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the dominant phyla in the gut microbiota of wild SMD. Planctomycetota was a prevalent phylum in wild SMD gut microbiota, warranting further investigation of its ecological significance. While significant differences were observed in the gut microbiota richness among the three groups, no significant disparities were detected in the beta diversity. Additionally, certain genera exhibited distinct relative abundances among the groups, suggesting potential associations with geographic factors, gut disorders, and dietary habits. Our findings provide valuable insights into the gut microbiome of wild SMD and offer a foundation for future microbiome-based conservation efforts for this vulnerable species.

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Lonicera japonica Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum Improve Multiple Patterns Driven Osteoporosis

Chen,

Xu,

Luo

et al. 2024

Foods

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Osteoporosis (OP) represents a global health challenge. Certain functional food has the potential to mitigate OP. Honeysuckle (Lonicera japonica) solution has medicinal effects, such as anti-inflammatory and immune enhancement, and can be used in functional foods such as health drinks and functional snacks. The composition of honeysuckle changed significantly after fermentation, and 376 metabolites were enriched. In this study, we used dexamethasone to induce OP in the rat model. Research has confirmed the ability of FS (fermented Lonicera japonica solution) to enhance bone mineral density (BMD), repair bone microarchitectural damage, and increase blood calcium levels. Markers such as tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-5b (TRACP-5b) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) were notably decreased, whereas osteocalcin (OCN) levels increased after FS treatment. FS intervention in OP rats restored the abundance of 6 bacterial genera and the contents of 17 serum metabolites. The results of the Spearman correlation analysis showed that FS may alleviate OP by restoring the abundance of 6 bacterial genera and the contents of 17 serum metabolites, reducing osteoclast differentiation, promoting osteoblast differentiation, and reducing the inflammatory response. This study revealed that Lactobacillus plantarum-fermented honeysuckle alleviated OP through intestinal bacteria and serum metabolites and provided a theoretical basis for the development of related functional foods.

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Mendelian randomization distinguished the changes in gut microbiota caused by IBD from those that lead to IBD

Cited by 3 publications

References 39 publications

Oral vancomycin treatment alters levels of indole derivatives and secondary bile acids modulating the expression of mTOR pathway genes in astrocytes during EAE

Oral vancomycin treatment alters levels of indole derivatives and secondary bile acids modulating the expression of mTOR pathway genes in astrocytes during EAE

Insights into the Gut Microbial Diversity of Wild Siberian Musk Deer (Moschus moschiferus) in Republic of Korea

Lonicera japonica Fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum Improve Multiple Patterns Driven Osteoporosis

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