Mendelian randomization found no causal relationship between omega-6 fatty acids and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Saeed, Saboor; Jiang, Liyu; Xu, Jinjiao; Wang, Guanhao; Leng, Mowei; Wu, Jerry J.; Qian, Shuyang; Jiang, Chunming

doi:10.21037/amj-22-74

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Additionally, MR studies have suggested protective effects of certain fatty acids against diseases such as schizophrenia and depression (29, 30, 32). Intriguingly, two recent MR studies examining the relationship between LA, DHA, and ADHD reached opposing conclusions (67,68), highlighting the need for further research in this area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma fatty acids and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a Mendelian randomization investigation

Zhou,

Zhang,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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BackgroundAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood, and pathogenesis is not fully understood. Observational studies suggest an association between fatty acids abnormalities and ADHD, but there are contradictions and differences between these findings. To address this uncertainty, we employed a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal relationship between fatty acids and ADHD.MethodsWe conducted a two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) study, selecting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) highly correlated with fatty acid levels from the CHARGE Consortium as our instruments. The outcome data were sourced from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) dataset on ADHD, comprising 225,534 individuals, with 162,384 cases and 65,693 controls. Inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger, and weighted median methods were employed to estimate the causal relationship between fatty acids and ADHD. Cochran’s Q-test was used to quantify heterogeneity of instrumental variables. Sensitivity analyses included MR-Egger intercept tests, leave-one-out analyses, and funnel plots.ResultsThe MR analysis revealed no significant associations between genetically predicted levels of various saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids (including omega-3 and omega-6) and ADHD risk in the CHARGE and PGC cohorts. Notably, an initial association with Dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA) (OR = 1.009, p = 0.032 by IVW) did not persist after correction for multiple testing (adjusted p-value = 0.286). Sensitivity analysis supported our findings, indicating robustness. Moreover, there was a lack of evidence supporting a causal link from ADHD to fatty acids.ConclusionWhile our study on the basis of genetic data does not provide evidence to support the causal role of fatty acids in ADHD, it does not preclude their potential involvement in reducing the risk of ADHD. Further research is needed to explore this possibility.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma fatty acids and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a Mendelian randomization investigation

Zhou,

Zhang,

Yuan

et al. 2024

Front. Psychiatry

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Investigating the Mediating Role of Mental Disorders in the Relationship Between Early Sexual Intercourse and Intentional Self‐Harm: A Two‐Step and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study

Dong,

Saeed,

Chen

et al. 2024

Brain and Behavior

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BackgroundEpidemiological studies have established an association between early sexual intercourse and intentional self‐harm. However, the causal mechanisms, particularly the role of mental health disorders, remain elusive.MethodsIn this Mendelian randomization (MR) study, we leveraged genome‐wide association study data from multiple sources. Age at first sexual intercourse (AFSI) statistics were derived from the UK Biobank, encompassing up to 406,457 participants of European ancestry. Intentional self‐harm (ISH) genome‐wide association study (GWAS) data were obtained from the FinnGen Biobank, comprising 218,792 European‐descent individuals. We investigated the causal relationship between AFSI and ISH and quantified the mediating effects of major depressive disorder (MDD; n = 173,005), schizophrenia (SCZ; n = 127,906), and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n = 55,374). Both two‐step and multivariable MR approaches were employed to estimate the mediation effects of these psychiatric disorders.ResultsThe F‐statistics of all retained SNPs are over 10, indicating our study has no weak instrument bias. The odds ratio (OR) indicated that early sexual intercourse substantially increases the risk of ISH (IVW: OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.54–0.66, p < 0.05). Specifically, MDD was found to mediate 31% of this effect and SCZ 12%, collectively accounting for 46% of the total effect.ConclusionsEarly sexual intercourse is associated with an increased risk of intentional self‐harm, potentially mediated by psychiatric disorders. These findings emphasize the need for mental health screening and early intervention in adolescents with early sexual debuts.

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Mendelian randomization found no causal relationship between omega-6 fatty acids and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Plasma fatty acids and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a Mendelian randomization investigation

Plasma fatty acids and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a Mendelian randomization investigation

Investigating the Mediating Role of Mental Disorders in the Relationship Between Early Sexual Intercourse and Intentional Self‐Harm: A Two‐Step and Multivariable Mendelian Randomization Study

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